Alpine (car)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam car model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler car or truck model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a People from france manufacturer of racing along with sports cars that employed rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe storage area proprietor, who began to obtain considerable competition success in mostly of the French cars produced just after the Second World War. The company was ordered in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine types ceased in 1995 and you will discover plans to relaunch this marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in many major events, including the Mille Miglia and also Coupe des Alpes. As his experience with all the little 4CV built upward, he incorporated many modifications, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the main 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter car he built a number of special versions with light in weight aluminium bodies: he drove in these at Le Mans and Sebring with some success within the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of the cars and consequent purchaser demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Autos Alpine in 1954. The firm was called Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes success. He did not appreciate that in England the prior year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe derived from the Sunbeam Talbot along with called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem has been to cause problems intended for Alpine throughout its record.
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Inside 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers being amongst the pioneers regarding auto glass fibre construction and produced a tiny coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals and called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis of the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved quite a few successes through the 1950s and was joined by a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted on the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an extremely stiff chassis based on a central tubular backbone that was to be the hallmark of most Alpines built.Alpine then took this Michelotti cabriolet design and also developed a 2+2 closed coupe body because of it: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later types was bored out to supply a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 cc. The A108 was created between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began for being produced also in Brazil, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were starting out show their age with Europe. Alpine was already doing work closely with Renault so when the Renault R8 saloon seemed to be introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made many minor body changes to allow the application of R8 mechanicals.This new car was the A110 Berlinette Trip de France, named after a successful run with the Alpine A108 in the particular 1962 event. Starting with a 956 closed circuit engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis and also body developed with relatively minor changes over the years to the stage wherever, by 1974, the little car ended up being handling 1800 cc search engines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for your car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was superb.Alpine achieved increasing achievements in rallying, and by 1968 ended up allocated the whole Renault rivalry budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to become sold and maintained within France by normal Renault shops. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins within the Coupe des Alpes along with international events. By this time your competition cars were fitted using 1440 cc engines resulting from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became numerous, helped since Alpine were the 1st company fully to exploit other sellers parts homologation rules.
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Inside 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish in the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines based on the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and proceeded to win the World Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of this time, production of the Alpine A110 increased and manufacturing deals were being struck for A110s and A108s with factories in numerous other countries including The nation, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the intercontinental petrol crisis, which had profound consequences on many specialist vehicle manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine manufacturing of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of cars sold dropped to 957 in 1974 and also the company was bailed out using a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had been compounded by the need for them to develop a replacement for the A110 and launch the auto just when European petrol prices leapt over the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to advertising campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 replacing car. However, to compete with Alpine's success, other manufacturers developed more and more special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that has been based closely on the A110's size and rear-engined notion, though incorporating a Ferrari powerplant. Alpine's own cars, still based on the actual 1962 design and utilizing a surprising number of production parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a few factory racing Renault 17 Gordinis (one pushed by Jean-Luc Thérier) that will won the Press in Regardless World Rally World-class round in Michigan, USA.
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In truth, having achieved the move championship, and with Renault money now fully behind them, Alpine had set their sights on the new target. The next aim seemed to be to win at The Mans. Renault had also absorbed the Gordini tuning firm and merged the two to form Renault Hobby. A number of progressively successful sports racing vehicles appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win with the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted with a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the initial company to run in and win a major international rally with a turbo car dating back 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier took a specially modified A110 to victory around the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine commence construction of open tyre racing cars. Initially in Formula Three within a year they were creating Formula Two cars at the same time. [4] Unfortunately without some sort of competitive Renault Formula A pair of engine available the F2 autos could neither be called Renaults or Alpines although powered by Ford-Cosworth along with BMW engines and ended up labelled Elf 2 and also later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine arrived in time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille for you to win the European System 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine along with Jabouille driving had built a Formula One car like a testing mule which lead on to their entry into your Formula One world championship in 1977. A second European System 2 championship followed together with René Arnoux in 1977 while using customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the actual F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to target the Le Mans in addition to Formula One programs.
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