Alpine (vehicle)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam auto model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler auto model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a France manufacturer of racing in addition to sports cars that applied rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe storage area proprietor, who began to gain considerable competition success in one of the few French cars produced soon after the Second World Warfare. The company was obtained in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine products ceased in 1995 and you will discover plans to relaunch the actual marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in a number of major events, including the Mille Miglia along with Coupe des Alpes. As his experience while using little 4CV built up, he incorporated many changes, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the first 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter weight car he built several special versions with light-weight aluminium bodies: he drove in these types of at Le Mans and Sebring with some success inside early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of those cars and consequent customer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Automobiles Alpine in 1954. The firm was called Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes achievements. He did not understand that in England the prior year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe produced from the Sunbeam Talbot along with called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem has been to cause problems for Alpine throughout its record.
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Within 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to be amongst the pioneers of auto glass fibre construction and produced a little coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals and called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis with the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved many successes through the 1950s and was joined with a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted towards the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was a very stiff chassis based on a central tubular backbone that was to be the hallmark coming from all Alpines built.Alpine then took this Michelotti cabriolet design and also developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for doing this: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later types was bored out to present a capacity of 904 cc or) 998 cc. The A108 was built between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to be produced also in Brazil, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were needs to show their age inside Europe. Alpine was already doing work closely with Renault so when the Renault R8 saloon was introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made numerous minor body changes to allow the employment of R8 mechanicals.This new car seemed to be the A110 Berlinette Trip de France, named after a successful run while using the Alpine A108 in the 1962 event. Starting with a 956 cc engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis as well as body developed with relatively minor changes over time to the stage in which, by 1974, the little car ended up being handling 1800 cc machines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight to the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was excellent.Alpine achieved increasing achievements in rallying, and by 1968 had been allocated the whole Renault opposition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to get sold and maintained within France by normal Renault motorbike shops. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins inside the Coupe des Alpes as well as other international events. By this time your competitors cars were fitted along with 1440 cc engines derived from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became several, helped since Alpine were the first company fully to exploit your competitors parts homologation rules.
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In 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish inside Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines produced by the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and went on to win the Entire world Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of this time, production of the Alpine A110 elevated and manufacturing deals had been struck for A110s and also A108s with factories in a number of other countries including The nation, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the overseas petrol crisis, which had profound consequences on many specialist vehicle manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine generation of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of vehicles sold dropped to 957 in 1974 as well as the company was bailed out by using a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had recently been compounded by the need to enable them to develop a replacement for that A110 and launch the vehicle just when European petrol prices leapt over the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to marketing campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 alternative car. However, to compete with Alpine's success, other manufacturers developed more and more special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that is based closely on your A110's size and rear-engined concept, though incorporating a Ferrari motor. Alpine's own cars, still based on your 1962 design and using a surprising number of generation parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built several factory racing Renault 18 Gordinis (one driven by Jean-Luc Thérier) in which won the Press with Regardless World Rally Championship round in Michigan, USA.
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In fact, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully in it, Alpine had set their sights using a new target. The next aim ended up being to win at The Mans. Renault had also absorbed the Gordini tuning firm and merged both to form Renault Sport. A number of increasingly successful sports racing vehicles appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win while using Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted using a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the initial company to run in and win a major international rally with a turbo car dating back 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier needed a specially modified A110 to victory around the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine begin construction of open tyre racing cars. Initially in Formula Three in just a year they were creating Formula Two cars also. [4] Unfortunately without some sort of competitive Renault Formula A couple of engine available the F2 cars and trucks could neither be referred to as Renaults or Alpines whilst powered by Ford-Cosworth and BMW engines and were being labelled Elf 2 and later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine found its way to time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to help win the European System 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine using Jabouille driving had developed a Formula One car like a testing mule which lead right to their entry into this Formula One world champion in 1977. A second European System 2 championship followed along with René Arnoux in 1977 with all the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to give full attention to the Le Mans in addition to Formula One programs.
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