Alpine (automobile)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam vehicle model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler automobile model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a People from france manufacturer of racing along with sports cars that utilized rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe storage proprietor, who began to gain considerable competition success in one of the few French cars produced right after the Second World Warfare. The company was bought in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine models ceased in 1995 and you'll find plans to relaunch your marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in a number of major events, including the Mille Miglia as well as Coupe des Alpes. As his experience using the little 4CV built up, he incorporated many improvements, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the initial 3-speed unit. To provide a brighter car he built several special versions with lightweight aluminium bodies: he drove in these kinds of at Le Mans in addition to Sebring with some success inside early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of these cars and consequent purchaser demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Motor vehicles Alpine in 1954. The firm was named Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes positive results. He did not know that in England the previous year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe resulting from the Sunbeam Talbot and called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem had been to cause problems intended for Alpine throughout its background.
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Within 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers being amongst the pioneers regarding auto glass fibre construction and produced a small coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals in addition to called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis of the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved quite a few successes through the 1950s and was joined by way of a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted on the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an exceptionally stiff chassis based over a central tubular backbone that was to be the hallmark of most Alpines built.Alpine then took the particular Michelotti cabriolet design and also developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for it: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 cc engine, which on later models was bored out to present a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 cc. The A108 was created between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to get produced also in South america, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were start to show their age within Europe. Alpine was already operating closely with Renault then when the Renault R8 saloon has been introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made many minor body changes to allow the application of R8 mechanicals.This new car had been the A110 Berlinette Tour de France, named after a successful run with the Alpine A108 in the actual 1962 event. Starting with a 956 closed circuit engine of 51 bhp (38 kW), the same chassis along with body developed with relatively minor changes in the past to the stage in which, by 1974, the little car seemed to be handling 1800 cc motors developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for that car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was fantastic.Alpine achieved increasing good results in rallying, and by 1968 had been allocated the whole Renault competitors budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to become sold and maintained throughout France by normal Renault stores. Real top level success started in 1968 with outright wins inside Coupe des Alpes and other international events. By this time your competitors cars were fitted along with 1440 cc engines resulting from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became a lot of, helped since Alpine were the very first company fully to exploit other sellers parts homologation rules.
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With 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish from the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines produced by the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and continued to win the Earth Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of these times, production of the Alpine A110 enhanced and manufacturing deals were struck for A110s along with A108s with factories in numerous other countries including Italy, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the overseas petrol crisis, which had profound consequences on many specialist car or truck manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine production of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of automobiles sold dropped to 957 in 1974 and also the company was bailed out via a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had already been compounded by the need to allow them to develop a replacement for your A110 and launch the car just when European petrol prices leapt through the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to plan the A110, and later the Alpine A310 substitute car. However, to compete with Alpine's achievements, other manufacturers developed progressively more special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that was based closely on this A110's size and rear-engined concept, though incorporating a Ferrari motor. Alpine's own cars, still based on the 1962 design and utilizing a surprising number of manufacturing parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built some factory racing Renault 18 Gordinis (one motivated by Jean-Luc Thérier) of which won the Press upon Regardless World Rally Tournament round in Michigan, USA.
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The truth is, having achieved the move championship, and with Renault money now fully behind them, Alpine had set their sights on the new target. The next aim ended up being to win at The Mans. Renault had also taken over the Gordini tuning firm and merged each to form Renault Sports activity. A number of progressively more successful sports racing vehicles appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win while using the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted using a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the 1st company to run in and win a major international rally with a turbo car as far back as 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier took a specially modified A110 to victory within the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine begin construction of open tyre racing cars. Initially in Formula Three inside a year they were making Formula Two cars as well. [4] Unfortunately without a new competitive Renault Formula Two engine available the F2 cars and trucks could neither be known as Renaults or Alpines though powered by Ford-Cosworth in addition to BMW engines and ended up labelled Elf 2 along with later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine found its way to time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to be able to win the European System 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine along with Jabouille driving had built a Formula One car as being a testing mule which lead on to their entry into the particular Formula One world title in 1977. A second European Solution 2 championship followed together with René Arnoux in 1977 with the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold this F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to pay attention to the Le Mans along with Formula One programs.
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