Alpine (auto)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam car or truck model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler car model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a The french language manufacturer of racing along with sports cars that applied rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe car port proprietor, who began to attain considerable competition success in mostly of the French cars produced soon after the Second World Warfare. The company was purchased in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine models ceased in 1995 and there are plans to relaunch your marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in a number of major events, including the Mille Miglia and also Coupe des Alpes. As his experience with the little 4CV built upwards, he incorporated many changes, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the main 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter in weight car he built quite a few special versions with lightweight aluminium bodies: he drove in these at Le Mans in addition to Sebring with some success within the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of the cars and consequent purchaser demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Autos Alpine in 1954. The firm was called Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes successes. He did not realise that in England the prior year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe produced from the Sunbeam Talbot as well as called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem has been to cause problems for Alpine throughout its historical past.
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Inside 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to become amongst the pioneers associated with auto glass fibre construction and produced a tiny coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals and called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis on the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved quite a few successes through the 1950s and was joined by the low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted towards Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an exceptionally stiff chassis based using a central tubular backbone which has been to be the hallmark of most Alpines built.Alpine then took your Michelotti cabriolet design along with developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for it: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 cc engine, which on later designs was bored out to provide a capacity of 904 cc or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was created between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began for being produced also in Brazil, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were starting out show their age with Europe. Alpine was already doing the job closely with Renault then when the Renault R8 saloon had been introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made a number of minor body changes to allow using R8 mechanicals.This new car was the A110 Berlinette Trip de France, named after a successful run with the Alpine A108 in the 1962 event. Starting with a 956 closed circuit engine of 51 bhp (38 kW), the same chassis and body developed with relatively minor changes over the years to the stage in which, by 1974, the little car was handling 1800 cc motors developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight with the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was fantastic.Alpine achieved increasing achievement in rallying, and by 1968 ended up allocated the whole Renault competitors budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to get sold and maintained with France by normal Renault shops. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins from the Coupe des Alpes and other international events. By this time the competition cars were fitted along with 1440 cc engines produced by the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became several, helped since Alpine were the initial company fully to exploit competition parts homologation rules.
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Inside 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish within the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines resulting from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and made to win the Entire world Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of this time around, production of the Alpine A110 elevated and manufacturing deals were being struck for A110s along with A108s with factories in a number of other countries including The world, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the intercontinental petrol crisis, which had profound side effects on many specialist automobile manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine production of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of vehicles sold dropped to 957 in 1974 and the company was bailed out using a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had also been compounded by the need to help them to develop a replacement to the A110 and launch the auto just when European petrol prices leapt through the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 replacement car. However, to compete with Alpine's good results, other manufacturers developed more and more special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that has been based closely on the actual A110's size and rear-engined concept, though incorporating a Ferrari serp. Alpine's own cars, still based on the 1962 design and by using a surprising number of creation parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built some factory racing Renault 19 Gordinis (one powered by Jean-Luc Thérier) of which won the Press in Regardless World Rally Title round in Michigan, USA.
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Actually, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully in it, Alpine had set their sights with a new target. The next aim seemed to be to win at Le Mans. Renault had also absorbed the Gordini tuning firm and merged both to form Renault Hobby. A number of progressively successful sports racing cars and trucks appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win while using Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted with a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the primary company to run in and win a major international rally with a turbo car dating back 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier needed a specially modified A110 to victory about the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine begin construction of open steering wheel racing cars. Initially in Formula Three within a year they were creating Formula Two cars also. [4] Unfortunately without a new competitive Renault Formula 2 engine available the F2 cars could neither be often known as Renaults or Alpines although powered by Ford-Cosworth as well as BMW engines and were being labelled Elf 2 as well as later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine found its way to time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to win the European Solution 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine along with Jabouille driving had built a Formula One car like a testing mule which lead directly to their entry into the Formula One world title in 1977. A second European System 2 championship followed along with René Arnoux in 1977 while using customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the actual F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to give full attention to the Le Mans as well as Formula One programs.
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