Alpine (auto)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam automobile model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler automobile model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a France manufacturer of racing along with sports cars that applied rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe storage proprietor, who began to obtain considerable competition success in one of the few French cars produced just after the Second World Struggle. The company was bought in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine models ceased in 1995 and you can find plans to relaunch your marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in numerous major events, including the Mille Miglia and also Coupe des Alpes. As his experience while using little 4CV built way up, he incorporated many adjustments, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the original 3-speed unit. To provide a light car he built numerous special versions with lightweight aluminium bodies: he drove in most of these at Le Mans as well as Sebring with some success inside the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of these cars and consequent consumer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Automobiles Alpine in 1954. The firm was known as Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes positive results. He did not appreciate that in England the last year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe resulting from the Sunbeam Talbot and called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem had been to cause problems for Alpine throughout its heritage.
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Inside 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to get amongst the pioneers of auto glass fibre construction and produced a tiny coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals along with called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis on the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved many successes through the 1950s and was joined by a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted towards the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was a very stiff chassis based on a central tubular backbone which was to be the hallmark coming from all Alpines built.Alpine then took the actual Michelotti cabriolet design and developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for it: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 cc engine, which on later designs was bored out to give a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 cc. The A108 was developed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began for being produced also in Brazil, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were start to show their age inside Europe. Alpine was already doing work closely with Renault when the Renault R8 saloon had been introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made numerous minor body changes to allow the use of R8 mechanicals.This new car was the A110 Berlinette Expedition de France, named after a successful run while using Alpine A108 in this 1962 event. Starting with a 956 closed circuit engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis as well as body developed with relatively minor changes in recent times to the stage where by, by 1974, the little car ended up being handling 1800 cc engines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight with the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was exceptional.Alpine achieved increasing achievements in rallying, and by 1968 have been allocated the whole Renault opposition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines for being sold and maintained with France by normal Renault stores. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins inside Coupe des Alpes and other international events. By this time other sellers cars were fitted with 1440 cc engines produced from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became several, helped since Alpine were the primary company fully to exploit other sellers parts homologation rules.
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With 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish in the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines resulting from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and went on to win the Earth Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of now, production of the Alpine A110 enhanced and manufacturing deals had been struck for A110s and A108s with factories in numerous other countries including Spain, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the intercontinental petrol crisis, which had profound side effects on many specialist automobile manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine creation of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of autos sold dropped to 957 in 1974 along with the company was bailed out via a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had also been compounded by the need to allow them to develop a replacement for the A110 and launch the car just when European petrol prices leapt over the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to plan the A110, and later the Alpine A310 substitution car. However, to compete with Alpine's good results, other manufacturers developed more and more special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that is based closely on your A110's size and rear-engined principle, though incorporating a Ferrari powerplant. Alpine's own cars, still based on the actual 1962 design and using a surprising number of creation parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a number of factory racing Renault 17 Gordinis (one driven by Jean-Luc Thérier) of which won the Press with Regardless World Rally Title round in Michigan, USA.
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The truth is, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully to their rear, Alpine had set their sights on a new target. The next aim was to win at Le Mans. Renault had also taken over the Gordini tuning firm and merged the 2 to form Renault Game. A number of more and more successful sports racing autos appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win with the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted having a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the primary company to run in and win a worldwide rally with a turbo car dating back to 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier got a specially modified A110 to victory within the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine get started construction of open tyre racing cars. Initially in Formula Three in just a year they were constructing Formula Two cars likewise. [4] Unfortunately without any competitive Renault Formula A pair of engine available the F2 vehicles could neither be called Renaults or Alpines while powered by Ford-Cosworth and BMW engines and ended up labelled Elf 2 and also later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine found its way to time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille for you to win the European Solution 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine together with Jabouille driving had developed a Formula One car to be a testing mule which lead straight away to their entry into the Formula One world tournament in 1977. A second European Formula 2 championship followed along with René Arnoux in 1977 with the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the actual F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to give full attention to the Le Mans as well as Formula One programs.
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