Alpine (automobile)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam vehicle model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler automobile model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a French manufacturer of racing along with sports cars that utilised rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe shed proprietor, who began to attain considerable competition success in one of the few French cars produced soon after the Second World Conflict. The company was obtained in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine versions ceased in 1995 and you'll find plans to relaunch this marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in a number of major events, including the Mille Miglia and also Coupe des Alpes. As his experience with the little 4CV built way up, he incorporated many changes, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the original 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter weight car he built a number of special versions with light-weight aluminium bodies: he drove in these kind of at Le Mans along with Sebring with some success in the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of the cars and consequent consumer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Motor vehicles Alpine in 1954. The firm was referred to as Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes positive results. He did not realize that in England the prior year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe produced by the Sunbeam Talbot and called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem has been to cause problems for Alpine throughout its history.
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Within 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to become amongst the pioneers involving auto glass fibre construction and produced a tiny coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals in addition to called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis in the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved a number of successes through the 1950s and was joined by a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted to the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was a really stiff chassis based on the central tubular backbone that was to be the hallmark of most Alpines built.Alpine then took your Michelotti cabriolet design as well as developed a 2+2 closed coupe body because of it: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later models was bored out to present a capacity of 904 cc or) 998 cc. The A108 was constructed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began for being produced also in South america, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were needs to show their age inside Europe. Alpine was already working closely with Renault and once the Renault R8 saloon seemed to be introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made a number of minor body changes to allow the use of R8 mechanicals.This new car has been the A110 Berlinette Excursion de France, named after a successful run using the Alpine A108 in your 1962 event. Starting with a 956 closed circuit engine of 51 bhp (38 kW), the same chassis as well as body developed with relatively minor changes in recent times to the stage where by, by 1974, the little car ended up being handling 1800 cc motors developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight with the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was outstanding.Alpine achieved increasing achievement in rallying, and by 1968 ended up allocated the whole Renault levels of competition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines being sold and maintained in France by normal Renault dealerships. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins from the Coupe des Alpes and other international events. By this time your competition cars were fitted with 1440 cc engines produced from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became numerous, helped since Alpine were the very first company fully to exploit the competition parts homologation rules.
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Throughout 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish inside Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines based on the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and continued to win the Globe Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of these times, production of the Alpine A110 increased and manufacturing deals have been struck for A110s in addition to A108s with factories in many other countries including Spain, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the intercontinental petrol crisis, which had profound side effects on many specialist car manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine production of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of cars sold dropped to 957 in 1974 plus the company was bailed out by using a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had been compounded by the need for them to develop a replacement with the A110 and launch the car just when European petrol prices leapt from the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to marketing campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 substitute car. However, to compete with Alpine's good results, other manufacturers developed progressively more special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that is based closely on your A110's size and rear-engined notion, though incorporating a Ferrari serps. Alpine's own cars, still based on the particular 1962 design and by using a surprising number of output parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built some factory racing Renault teen Gordinis (one motivated by Jean-Luc Thérier) in which won the Press in Regardless World Rally Champion round in Michigan, USA.
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In reality, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully behind them, Alpine had set their sights with a new target. The next aim was to win at The Mans. Renault had also bought out the Gordini tuning firm and merged the two to form Renault Hobby. A number of more and more successful sports racing cars appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win using the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted which has a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the 1st company to run in and win a major international rally with a turbo car dating back 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier needed a specially modified A110 to victory within the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine start construction of open steering wheel racing cars. Initially in Formula Three inside a year they were making Formula Two cars as well. [4] Unfortunately without a new competitive Renault Formula A couple of engine available the F2 cars and trucks could neither be called Renaults or Alpines while powered by Ford-Cosworth and BMW engines and were being labelled Elf 2 and later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine arrived in time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to win the European Solution 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine along with Jabouille driving had created a Formula One car like a testing mule which lead straight away to their entry into your Formula One world championship in 1977. A second European Method 2 championship followed having René Arnoux in 1977 while using customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to concentrate on the Le Mans in addition to Formula One programs.
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