Alpine (car)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam automobile model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler automobile model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a French manufacturer of racing in addition to sports cars that utilised rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe car port proprietor, who began to obtain considerable competition success in mostly of the French cars produced just after the Second World Conflict. The company was ordered in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine designs ceased in 1995 and you can find plans to relaunch this marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in a number of major events, including the Mille Miglia and Coupe des Alpes. As his experience using the little 4CV built upwards, he incorporated many alterations, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the first 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter weight car he built several special versions with light and portable aluminium bodies: he drove in most of these at Le Mans and also Sebring with some success within the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of these cars and consequent client demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Automobiles Alpine in 1954. The firm was called Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes achievements. He did not understand that in England the last year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe resulting from the Sunbeam Talbot and called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem ended up being to cause problems intended for Alpine throughout its heritage.
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Inside 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers being amongst the pioneers of auto glass fibre construction and produced a smaller coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals and also called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis with the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved many successes through the 1950s and was joined by the low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted to the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was a very stiff chassis based on a central tubular backbone that is to be the hallmark of all Alpines built.Alpine then took the actual Michelotti cabriolet design along with developed a 2+2 closed coupe body because of it: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later models was bored out to provide a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was created between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to be produced also in South america, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were beginning to show their age with Europe. Alpine was already working closely with Renault so when the Renault R8 saloon seemed to be introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made numerous minor body changes to allow the usage of R8 mechanicals.This new car was the A110 Berlinette Trip de France, named after a successful run while using Alpine A108 in this 1962 event. Starting with a 956 closed circuit engine of 51 bhp (38 kW), the same chassis and also body developed with relatively minor changes in recent times to the stage in which, by 1974, the little car had been handling 1800 cc applications developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for your car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was outstanding.Alpine achieved increasing good results in rallying, and by 1968 have been allocated the whole Renault rivalry budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines being sold and maintained with France by normal Renault dealerships. Real top level success started in 1968 with outright wins inside the Coupe des Alpes along with other international events. By this time competition cars were fitted together with 1440 cc engines produced by the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became numerous, helped since Alpine were the very first company fully to exploit your competition parts homologation rules.
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Throughout 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish inside the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines based on the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and continued to win the Earth Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of now, production of the Alpine A110 improved and manufacturing deals ended up struck for A110s and also A108s with factories in a number of other countries including The country, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the overseas petrol crisis, which had profound side effects on many specialist automobile manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine manufacturing of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of vehicles sold dropped to 957 in 1974 as well as the company was bailed out using a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had also been compounded by the need so they can develop a replacement for your A110 and launch the vehicle just when European petrol prices leapt throughout the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to strategy the A110, and later the Alpine A310 replacement car. However, to compete with Alpine's achievement, other manufacturers developed increasingly special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos which has been based closely on your A110's size and rear-engined concept, though incorporating a Ferrari serp. Alpine's own cars, still based on your 1962 design and employing a surprising number of manufacturing parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a few factory racing Renault seventeen Gordinis (one driven by Jean-Luc Thérier) which won the Press with Regardless World Rally World-class round in Michigan, USA.
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In truth, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully to their rear, Alpine had set their sights using a new target. The next aim had been to win at Le Mans. Renault had also taken over the Gordini tuning firm and merged the 2 to form Renault Sport. A number of progressively successful sports racing cars appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win with the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted with a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the very first company to run in and win a global rally with a turbo car dating back to 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier had taken a specially modified A110 to victory around the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine get started construction of open wheel racing cars. Initially in Formula Three in a year they were making Formula Two cars likewise. [4] Unfortunately without a competitive Renault Formula Two engine available the F2 cars and trucks could neither be generally known as Renaults or Alpines whilst powered by Ford-Cosworth in addition to BMW engines and had been labelled Elf 2 as well as later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine arrived in time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille for you to win the European Formulation 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine together with Jabouille driving had created a Formula One car being a testing mule which lead directly to their entry into your Formula One world championship in 1977. A second European System 2 championship followed having René Arnoux in 1977 with all the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the actual F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to pay attention to the Le Mans and Formula One programs.
Early 1950s Sunbeam Alpine
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