Alpine (automobile)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam auto model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler auto model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a France manufacturer of racing in addition to sports cars that utilized rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe car port proprietor, who began to achieve considerable competition success in mostly of the French cars produced soon after the Second World War. The company was bought in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine products ceased in 1995 and you'll find plans to relaunch your marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in a number of major events, including the Mille Miglia along with Coupe des Alpes. As his experience while using little 4CV built upwards, he incorporated many changes, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the original 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter car he built many special versions with light in weight aluminium bodies: he drove in these kind of at Le Mans and Sebring with some success within the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development these cars and consequent client demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Automobiles Alpine in 1954. The firm was known as Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes achievements. He did not realise that in England the last year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe based on the Sunbeam Talbot as well as called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem was to cause problems with regard to Alpine throughout its background.
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Throughout 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to get amongst the pioneers involving auto glass fibre construction and produced a tiny coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals as well as called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis from the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved numerous successes through the 1950s and was joined by way of a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted for the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an incredibly stiff chassis based on the central tubular backbone which has been to be the hallmark coming from all Alpines built.Alpine then took the Michelotti cabriolet design as well as developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for this: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later versions was bored out to present a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was designed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began being produced also in South america, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were starting to show their age within Europe. Alpine was already working closely with Renault and once the Renault R8 saloon had been introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made quite a few minor body changes to allow using R8 mechanicals.This new car seemed to be the A110 Berlinette Trip de France, named after a successful run while using the Alpine A108 in the 1962 event. Starting with a 956 closed circuit engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis in addition to body developed with relatively minor changes over time to the stage where by, by 1974, the little car seemed to be handling 1800 cc search engines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for that car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was superb.Alpine achieved increasing achievements in rallying, and by 1968 had been allocated the whole Renault rivalry budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to become sold and maintained with France by normal Renault stores. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins within the Coupe des Alpes and other international events. By this time the competition cars were fitted together with 1440 cc engines derived from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became several, helped since Alpine were the very first company fully to exploit other sellers parts homologation rules.
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Throughout 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish within the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines derived from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and went on to win the Earth Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of these times, production of the Alpine A110 increased and manufacturing deals had been struck for A110s and A108s with factories in a number of other countries including The nation, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the global petrol crisis, which had profound results on many specialist car manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine creation of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of cars and trucks sold dropped to 957 in 1974 plus the company was bailed out via a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had recently been compounded by the need to enable them to develop a replacement for that A110 and launch the auto just when European petrol prices leapt with the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 replacement car. However, to compete with Alpine's success, other manufacturers developed progressively more special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos which was based closely on this A110's size and rear-engined idea, though incorporating a Ferrari powerplant. Alpine's own cars, still based on the actual 1962 design and having a surprising number of creation parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a series of factory racing Renault 18 Gordinis (one driven by Jean-Luc Thérier) which won the Press upon Regardless World Rally Title round in Michigan, USA.
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In truth, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully to their rear, Alpine had set their sights on the new target. The next aim ended up being to win at Le Mans. Renault had also taken over the Gordini tuning firm and merged each to form Renault Sport. A number of more and more successful sports racing cars and trucks appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win while using Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted having a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the first company to run in and win an international rally with a turbo car dating back 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier required a specially modified A110 to victory about the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine begin construction of open tyre racing cars. Initially in Formula Three within a year they were creating Formula Two cars also. [4] Unfortunately without any competitive Renault Formula Two engine available the F2 cars and trucks could neither be generally known as Renaults or Alpines while powered by Ford-Cosworth along with BMW engines and ended up labelled Elf 2 and also later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine arrived in time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille for you to win the European Solution 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine using Jabouille driving had built a Formula One car to be a testing mule which lead directly to their entry into this Formula One world championship in 1977. A second European Formula 2 championship followed using René Arnoux in 1977 while using customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the actual F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to concentrate on the Le Mans along with Formula One programs.
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