Alpine (car or truck)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam car or truck model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler auto model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a People from france manufacturer of racing and also sports cars that utilized rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe shed proprietor, who began to obtain considerable competition success in one of the few French cars produced right after the Second World Battle. The company was ordered in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine products ceased in 1995 and there are plans to relaunch the actual marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in many major events, including the Mille Miglia in addition to Coupe des Alpes. As his experience while using little 4CV built up, he incorporated many modifications, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the main 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter car he built quite a few special versions with lightweight aluminium bodies: he drove in most of these at Le Mans along with Sebring with some success within the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of the cars and consequent consumer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Autos Alpine in 1954. The firm was named Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes success. He did not appreciate that in England the prior year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe derived from the Sunbeam Talbot and called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem ended up being to cause problems for Alpine throughout its background.
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Throughout 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to become amongst the pioneers associated with auto glass fibre construction and produced a compact coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals and also called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis of the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved quite a few successes through the 1950s and was joined by the low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted towards the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was a really stiff chassis based on a central tubular backbone that has been to be the hallmark of all Alpines built.Alpine then took the particular Michelotti cabriolet design as well as developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for doing this: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later designs was bored out to supply a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was built between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began for being produced also in South america, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were start to show their age with Europe. Alpine was already functioning closely with Renault when the Renault R8 saloon ended up being introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made a number of minor body changes to allow the employment of R8 mechanicals.This new car ended up being the A110 Berlinette Trip de France, named after a successful run while using Alpine A108 in the actual 1962 event. Starting with a 956 cc engine of 51 bhp (38 kW), the same chassis and also body developed with relatively minor changes over the years to the stage where by, by 1974, the little car has been handling 1800 cc search engines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight with the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was superb.Alpine achieved increasing achievement in rallying, and by 1968 have been allocated the whole Renault competitors budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines for being sold and maintained inside France by normal Renault stores. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins inside Coupe des Alpes and also other international events. By this time your competition cars were fitted using 1440 cc engines resulting from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became a lot of, helped since Alpine were the 1st company fully to exploit competition parts homologation rules.
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Throughout 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish from the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines derived from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and continued to win the Earth Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of this time, production of the Alpine A110 enhanced and manufacturing deals ended up struck for A110s as well as A108s with factories in a lot of other countries including The country, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the overseas petrol crisis, which had profound results on many specialist vehicle manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine manufacturing of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of automobiles sold dropped to 957 in 1974 and also the company was bailed out via a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had already been compounded by the need to allow them to develop a replacement for the A110 and launch the automobile just when European petrol prices leapt with the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to marketing campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 substitute car. However, to compete with Alpine's success, other manufacturers developed significantly special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that is based closely on the particular A110's size and rear-engined idea, though incorporating a Ferrari serp. Alpine's own cars, still based on your 1962 design and employing a surprising number of production parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built several factory racing Renault 17 Gordinis (one powered by Jean-Luc Thérier) of which won the Press upon Regardless World Rally Champion round in Michigan, USA.
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Actually, having achieved the move championship, and with Renault money now fully in it, Alpine had set their sights on the new target. The next aim seemed to be to win at Le Mans. Renault had also bought out the Gordini tuning firm and merged both to form Renault Game. A number of progressively successful sports racing cars appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win with the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted having a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the initial company to run in and win a major international rally with a turbo car dating back to 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier required a specially modified A110 to victory within the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine start construction of open wheel racing cars. Initially in Formula Three just a year they were building Formula Two cars too. [4] Unfortunately without a new competitive Renault Formula 2 engine available the F2 autos could neither be referred to as Renaults or Alpines even though powered by Ford-Cosworth and also BMW engines and were labelled Elf 2 as well as later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine arrived in time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille for you to win the European Method 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine along with Jabouille driving had designed a Formula One car as being a testing mule which lead directly to their entry into your Formula One world tournament in 1977. A second European Method 2 championship followed with René Arnoux in 1977 with all the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to concentrate on the Le Mans in addition to Formula One programs.
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