Alpine (car)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam automobile model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler car model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a French manufacturer of racing in addition to sports cars that utilized rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe storage area proprietor, who began to accomplish considerable competition success in mostly of the French cars produced soon after the Second World Struggle. The company was ordered in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine versions ceased in 1995 and you can find plans to relaunch the marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in a number of major events, including the Mille Miglia and also Coupe des Alpes. As his experience with all the little 4CV built upward, he incorporated many alterations, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the main 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter in weight car he built several special versions with light in weight aluminium bodies: he drove in these at Le Mans as well as Sebring with some success inside the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of those cars and consequent purchaser demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Cars Alpine in 1954. The firm was branded Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes positive results. He did not realise that in England the prior year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe produced by the Sunbeam Talbot in addition to called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem has been to cause problems with regard to Alpine throughout its heritage.
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Throughout 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers being amongst the pioneers regarding auto glass fibre construction and produced a tiny coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals in addition to called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis of the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved many successes through the 1950s and was joined by a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted to the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was a very stiff chassis based on the central tubular backbone which was to be the hallmark of Alpines built.Alpine then took your Michelotti cabriolet design and also developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for this: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 cc engine, which on later products was bored out to provide a capacity of 904 cc or) 998 cc. The A108 was created between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began for being produced also in Brazilian, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were needs to show their age throughout Europe. Alpine was already operating closely with Renault and once the Renault R8 saloon was introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made many minor body changes to allow the use of R8 mechanicals.This new car ended up being the A110 Berlinette Visit de France, named after a successful run using the Alpine A108 in the 1962 event. Starting with a 956 cc engine of 51 bhp (38 kW), the same chassis as well as body developed with relatively minor changes in the past to the stage in which, by 1974, the little car has been handling 1800 cc engines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for that car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was superb.Alpine achieved increasing achievement in rallying, and by 1968 have been allocated the whole Renault levels of competition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to be sold and maintained in France by normal Renault shops. Real top level success started in 1968 with outright wins within the Coupe des Alpes and other international events. By this time competition cars were fitted together with 1440 cc engines derived from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became numerous, helped since Alpine were the very first company fully to exploit other sellers parts homologation rules.
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Within 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish in the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines produced by the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and took to win the Planet Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of these times, production of the Alpine A110 elevated and manufacturing deals have been struck for A110s along with A108s with factories in several other countries including The world, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the international petrol crisis, which had profound outcomes on many specialist car or truck manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine production of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of vehicles sold dropped to 957 in 1974 along with the company was bailed out by way of a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had recently been compounded by the need to help them to develop a replacement to the A110 and launch the car just when European petrol prices leapt through the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to marketing campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 replacing car. However, to compete with Alpine's accomplishment, other manufacturers developed progressively special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos which was based closely on this A110's size and rear-engined notion, though incorporating a Ferrari serps. Alpine's own cars, still based on this 1962 design and by using a surprising number of generation parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built several factory racing Renault seventeen Gordinis (one motivated by Jean-Luc Thérier) of which won the Press about Regardless World Rally Champion round in Michigan, USA.
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Actually, having achieved the move championship, and with Renault money now fully to their rear, Alpine had set their sights using a new target. The next aim was to win at The Mans. Renault had also absorbed the Gordini tuning firm and merged both the to form Renault Activity. A number of progressively more successful sports racing automobiles appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win with the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted using a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the initial company to run in and win a major international rally with a turbo car dating back 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier required a specially modified A110 to victory within the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine start construction of open tire racing cars. Initially in Formula Three inside a year they were building Formula Two cars at the same time. [4] Unfortunately without a new competitive Renault Formula 2 engine available the F2 vehicles could neither be known as Renaults or Alpines whilst powered by Ford-Cosworth along with BMW engines and were being labelled Elf 2 as well as later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine arrived in time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille in order to win the European Formula 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine together with Jabouille driving had designed a Formula One car to be a testing mule which lead straight away to their entry into the Formula One world world-class in 1977. A second European Solution 2 championship followed along with René Arnoux in 1977 with all the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the actual F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to concentrate on the Le Mans and also Formula One programs.
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