Alpine (car or truck)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam auto model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler car model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a France manufacturer of racing along with sports cars that used rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe shed proprietor, who began to accomplish considerable competition success in one of the few French cars produced right after the Second World Struggle. The company was ordered in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine products ceased in 1995 and you will find plans to relaunch this marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in many major events, including the Mille Miglia along with Coupe des Alpes. As his experience while using little 4CV built upward, he incorporated many changes, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the initial 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter weight car he built a number of special versions with light and portable aluminium bodies: he drove in these types of at Le Mans and also Sebring with some success in the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of those cars and consequent buyer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Vehicles Alpine in 1954. The firm was referred to as Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes positive results. He did not realise that in England the prior year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe derived from the Sunbeam Talbot and also called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem ended up being to cause problems with regard to Alpine throughout its history.
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With 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers for being amongst the pioneers regarding auto glass fibre construction and produced a small coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals and also called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis with the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved numerous successes through the 1950s and was joined with a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted to the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an extremely stiff chassis based on the central tubular backbone which was to be the hallmark of most Alpines built.Alpine then took the particular Michelotti cabriolet design along with developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for doing this: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 cc engine, which on later designs was bored out to give a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 cc. The A108 was designed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to become produced also in South america, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were starting out show their age inside Europe. Alpine was already doing the job closely with Renault when the Renault R8 saloon has been introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made quite a few minor body changes to allow using R8 mechanicals.This new car had been the A110 Berlinette Trip de France, named after a successful run while using Alpine A108 in your 1962 event. Starting with a 956 cc engine of 51 bhp (38 kW), the same chassis in addition to body developed with relatively minor changes over the years to the stage exactly where, by 1974, the little car ended up being handling 1800 cc search engines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for your car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was exceptional.Alpine achieved increasing good results in rallying, and by 1968 ended up allocated the whole Renault competition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to be sold and maintained inside France by normal Renault stores. Real top level success started in 1968 with outright wins in the Coupe des Alpes and also other international events. By this time competition cars were fitted along with 1440 cc engines resulting from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became numerous, helped since Alpine were the primary company fully to exploit the competition parts homologation rules.
Alpine Renault A110 1600S Number 17 Monte Carlo Rally 1972 in Blue
Inside 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish from the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines produced by the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and took to win the Globe Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of these times, production of the Alpine A110 greater and manufacturing deals had been struck for A110s in addition to A108s with factories in a number of other countries including The nation, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the intercontinental petrol crisis, which had profound consequences on many specialist automobile manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine creation of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of cars sold dropped to 957 in 1974 plus the company was bailed out by using a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had been recently compounded by the need for them to develop a replacement with the A110 and launch the vehicle just when European petrol prices leapt from the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to strategy the A110, and later the Alpine A310 alternative car. However, to compete with Alpine's achievement, other manufacturers developed progressively more special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos which has been based closely on your A110's size and rear-engined notion, though incorporating a Ferrari serps. Alpine's own cars, still based on this 1962 design and employing a surprising number of output parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a number of factory racing Renault 18 Gordinis (one powered by Jean-Luc Thérier) which won the Press upon Regardless World Rally Champion round in Michigan, USA.
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In truth, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully in it, Alpine had set their sights on a new target. The next aim ended up being to win at Le Mans. Renault had also taken over the Gordini tuning firm and merged each to form Renault Sports activity. A number of significantly successful sports racing automobiles appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win while using the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted with a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the primary company to run in and win a global rally with a turbo car dating back to 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier had taken a specially modified A110 to victory for the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine start construction of open steering wheel racing cars. Initially in Formula Three in just a year they were creating Formula Two cars as well. [4] Unfortunately without the competitive Renault Formula Two engine available the F2 cars and trucks could neither be called Renaults or Alpines whilst powered by Ford-Cosworth as well as BMW engines and have been labelled Elf 2 along with later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine found its way to time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to win the European Solution 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine having Jabouille driving had designed a Formula One car to be a testing mule which lead on to their entry into the Formula One world championship in 1977. A second European System 2 championship followed with René Arnoux in 1977 with the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold your F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to concentrate on the Le Mans as well as Formula One programs.
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