Alpine (auto)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam vehicle model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler car model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a French manufacturer of racing along with sports cars that utilised rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe storage area proprietor, who began to achieve considerable competition success in one of the few French cars produced just after the Second World Conflict. The company was ordered in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine versions ceased in 1995 and you will find plans to relaunch your marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in several major events, including the Mille Miglia in addition to Coupe des Alpes. As his experience using the little 4CV built up, he incorporated many alterations, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the first 3-speed unit. To provide a brighter car he built numerous special versions with light in weight aluminium bodies: he drove in these kinds of at Le Mans in addition to Sebring with some success inside early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of such cars and consequent buyer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Automobiles Alpine in 1954. The firm was called Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes successes. He did not understand that in England the last year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe produced by the Sunbeam Talbot and also called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem had been to cause problems pertaining to Alpine throughout its record.
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In 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers being amongst the pioneers associated with auto glass fibre construction and produced a little coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals as well as called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis from the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved quite a few successes through the 1950s and was joined by way of low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted for the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an exceptionally stiff chassis based over a central tubular backbone that has been to be the hallmark of most Alpines built.Alpine then took the Michelotti cabriolet design and also developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for doing this: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 cc engine, which on later designs was bored out to supply a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 cc. The A108 was developed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began being produced also in Brazil, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were beginning to show their age within Europe. Alpine was already doing work closely with Renault so when the Renault R8 saloon was introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made quite a few minor body changes to allow the use of R8 mechanicals.This new car has been the A110 Berlinette Tour de France, named after a successful run with all the Alpine A108 in this 1962 event. Starting with a 956 closed circuit engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis as well as body developed with relatively minor changes through the years to the stage wherever, by 1974, the little car seemed to be handling 1800 cc machines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight with the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was fantastic.Alpine achieved increasing accomplishment in rallying, and by 1968 was allocated the whole Renault rivalry budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines for being sold and maintained throughout France by normal Renault motorbike shops. Real top level success started in 1968 with outright wins from the Coupe des Alpes and also other international events. By this time other sellers cars were fitted having 1440 cc engines based on the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became a lot of, helped since Alpine were the primary company fully to exploit other sellers parts homologation rules.
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Throughout 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish in the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines produced by the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and proceeded to win the Globe Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of on this occasion, production of the Alpine A110 greater and manufacturing deals ended up struck for A110s along with A108s with factories in a lot of other countries including The nation, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the global petrol crisis, which had profound results on many specialist car or truck manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine manufacturing of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of cars and trucks sold dropped to 957 in 1974 along with the company was bailed out by using a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had also been compounded by the need to allow them to develop a replacement for your A110 and launch the vehicle just when European petrol prices leapt through the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to strategy the A110, and later the Alpine A310 substitute car. However, to compete with Alpine's achievement, other manufacturers developed increasingly special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos which has been based closely on the particular A110's size and rear-engined idea, though incorporating a Ferrari powerplant. Alpine's own cars, still based on the particular 1962 design and having a surprising number of output parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built some factory racing Renault 18 Gordinis (one driven by Jean-Luc Thérier) that will won the Press with Regardless World Rally Tournament round in Michigan, USA.
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In fact, having achieved the move championship, and with Renault money now fully to their rear, Alpine had set their sights over a new target. The next aim was to win at Le Mans. Renault had also taken over the Gordini tuning firm and merged the two to form Renault Sports activity. A number of progressively more successful sports racing vehicles appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win using the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted using a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the initial company to run in and win a worldwide rally with a turbo car as far back as 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier required a specially modified A110 to victory around the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine get started construction of open steering wheel racing cars. Initially in Formula Three within a year they were developing Formula Two cars also. [4] Unfortunately without a competitive Renault Formula A couple engine available the F2 vehicles could neither be called Renaults or Alpines while powered by Ford-Cosworth along with BMW engines and were labelled Elf 2 along with later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine found its way to time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to help win the European Solution 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine together with Jabouille driving had constructed a Formula One car to be a testing mule which lead straight to their entry into the particular Formula One world champion in 1977. A second European Formulation 2 championship followed along with René Arnoux in 1977 while using customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to target the Le Mans and also Formula One programs.
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