Alpine (automobile)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam car or truck model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler automobile model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a The french language manufacturer of racing and also sports cars that utilized rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe car port proprietor, who began to accomplish considerable competition success in one of the few French cars produced right after the Second World Warfare. The company was ordered in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine products ceased in 1995 and you can find plans to relaunch the actual marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in many major events, including the Mille Miglia and Coupe des Alpes. As his experience while using little 4CV built upward, he incorporated many alterations, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing an original 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter in weight car he built quite a few special versions with light and portable aluminium bodies: he drove in these types of at Le Mans and also Sebring with some success inside the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development these cars and consequent consumer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Vehicles Alpine in 1954. The firm was called Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes successes. He did not know that in England the previous year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe derived from the Sunbeam Talbot and also called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem was to cause problems intended for Alpine throughout its history.
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Within 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to get amongst the pioneers associated with auto glass fibre construction and produced a tiny coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals and called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis with the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved a number of successes through the 1950s and was joined by a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted to the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an extremely stiff chassis based on a central tubular backbone which has been to be the hallmark of all Alpines built.Alpine then took your Michelotti cabriolet design and developed a 2+2 closed coupe body correctly: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 cc engine, which on later designs was bored out to supply a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 cc. The A108 was developed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to be produced also in Brazil, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were needs to show their age inside Europe. Alpine was already doing work closely with Renault when the Renault R8 saloon had been introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made numerous minor body changes to allow the application of R8 mechanicals.This new car was the A110 Berlinette Visit de France, named after a successful run with the Alpine A108 in the actual 1962 event. Starting with a 956 cc engine of 51 bhp (38 kW), the same chassis and body developed with relatively minor changes over time to the stage in which, by 1974, the little car ended up being handling 1800 cc engines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for that car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was excellent.Alpine achieved increasing achievement in rallying, and by 1968 have been allocated the whole Renault competitors budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines being sold and maintained throughout France by normal Renault dealerships. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins inside Coupe des Alpes along with international events. By this time your competition cars were fitted together with 1440 cc engines produced from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became many, helped since Alpine were the 1st company fully to exploit your competition parts homologation rules.
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With 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish inside Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines resulting from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and continued to win the Entire world Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of this time, production of the Alpine A110 greater and manufacturing deals were being struck for A110s and A108s with factories in a lot of other countries including Italy, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the overseas petrol crisis, which had profound consequences on many specialist automobile manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine manufacturing of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of cars and trucks sold dropped to 957 in 1974 plus the company was bailed out via a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had been compounded by the need to enable them to develop a replacement for the A110 and launch your vehicle just when European petrol prices leapt from the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 replacement car. However, to compete with Alpine's good results, other manufacturers developed significantly special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that is based closely on the particular A110's size and rear-engined idea, though incorporating a Ferrari powerplant. Alpine's own cars, still based on the 1962 design and utilizing a surprising number of production parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built several factory racing Renault 17 Gordinis (one motivated by Jean-Luc Thérier) that won the Press in Regardless World Rally Tournament round in Michigan, USA.
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The truth is, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully to their rear, Alpine had set their sights over a new target. The next aim was to win at The Mans. Renault had also bought out the Gordini tuning firm and merged each to form Renault Game. A number of more and more successful sports racing cars and trucks appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win while using the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted that has a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the very first company to run in and win an international rally with a turbo car as far back as 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier took a specially modified A110 to victory for the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine begin construction of open tyre racing cars. Initially in Formula Three within a year they were developing Formula Two cars also. [4] Unfortunately without a new competitive Renault Formula A pair of engine available the F2 vehicles could neither be called Renaults or Alpines whilst powered by Ford-Cosworth and also BMW engines and ended up labelled Elf 2 and later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine arrived in time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to win the European Method 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine together with Jabouille driving had developed a Formula One car as being a testing mule which lead straight away to their entry into this Formula One world championship in 1977. A second European Solution 2 championship followed using René Arnoux in 1977 with the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the actual F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to concentrate on the Le Mans and Formula One programs.
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