Alpine (vehicle)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam car model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler automobile model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a French manufacturer of racing as well as sports cars that used rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe shed proprietor, who began to obtain considerable competition success in mostly of the French cars produced right after the Second World Conflict. The company was bought in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine types ceased in 1995 and you can find plans to relaunch the marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in a number of major events, including the Mille Miglia along with Coupe des Alpes. As his experience while using the little 4CV built up, he incorporated many changes, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the first 3-speed unit. To provide a light car he built quite a few special versions with light aluminium bodies: he drove in most of these at Le Mans along with Sebring with some success from the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of these cars and consequent purchaser demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Autos Alpine in 1954. The firm was named Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes positive results. He did not understand that in England the previous year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe resulting from the Sunbeam Talbot in addition to called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem had been to cause problems regarding Alpine throughout its record.
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Within 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to become amongst the pioneers of auto glass fibre construction and produced a compact coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals and also called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis with the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved many successes through the 1950s and was joined by way of low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted towards Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an exceptionally stiff chassis based with a central tubular backbone which has been to be the hallmark of Alpines built.Alpine then took the actual Michelotti cabriolet design and also developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for this: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 cc engine, which on later models was bored out to offer a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 cc. The A108 was built between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to get produced also in South america, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were starting out show their age inside Europe. Alpine was already functioning closely with Renault and once the Renault R8 saloon seemed to be introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made several minor body changes to allow the usage of R8 mechanicals.This new car had been the A110 Berlinette Visit de France, named after a successful run using the Alpine A108 in the 1962 event. Starting with a 956 closed circuit engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis in addition to body developed with relatively minor changes through the years to the stage where, by 1974, the little car had been handling 1800 cc motors developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for your car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was excellent.Alpine achieved increasing achievements in rallying, and by 1968 have been allocated the whole Renault rivalry budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to get sold and maintained within France by normal Renault shops. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins in the Coupe des Alpes and also other international events. By this time other sellers cars were fitted along with 1440 cc engines based on the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became many, helped since Alpine were the first company fully to exploit competition parts homologation rules.
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In 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish inside the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines produced from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and continued to win the Globe Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of this time, production of the Alpine A110 greater and manufacturing deals ended up struck for A110s in addition to A108s with factories in several other countries including Spain, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the global petrol crisis, which had profound results on many specialist automobile manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine manufacturing of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of autos sold dropped to 957 in 1974 and also the company was bailed out by using a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had recently been compounded by the need for them to develop a replacement with the A110 and launch the vehicle just when European petrol prices leapt throughout the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to marketing campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 substitute car. However, to compete with Alpine's success, other manufacturers developed increasingly special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that has been based closely on the A110's size and rear-engined notion, though incorporating a Ferrari powerplant. Alpine's own cars, still based on this 1962 design and utilizing a surprising number of generation parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a series of factory racing Renault teen Gordinis (one powered by Jean-Luc Thérier) of which won the Press with Regardless World Rally Championship round in Michigan, USA.
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Actually, having achieved the move championship, and with Renault money now fully in it, Alpine had set their sights with a new target. The next aim had been to win at Le Mans. Renault had also bought out the Gordini tuning firm and merged both to form Renault Game. A number of progressively successful sports racing autos appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win with all the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted which has a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the very first company to run in and win a global rally with a turbo car dating back to 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier required a specially modified A110 to victory around the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine commence construction of open tire racing cars. Initially in Formula Three inside a year they were constructing Formula Two cars likewise. [4] Unfortunately without the competitive Renault Formula A couple of engine available the F2 automobiles could neither be generally known as Renaults or Alpines even though powered by Ford-Cosworth and BMW engines and ended up labelled Elf 2 as well as later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine arrived in time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to win the European Formulation 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine using Jabouille driving had designed a Formula One car as being a testing mule which lead right to their entry into the particular Formula One world title in 1977. A second European Solution 2 championship followed together with René Arnoux in 1977 using the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the particular F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to give full attention to the Le Mans along with Formula One programs.
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