Alpine (car)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam auto model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler car or truck model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a French manufacturer of racing along with sports cars that used rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe storage proprietor, who began to accomplish considerable competition success in mostly of the French cars produced right after the Second World Struggle. The company was ordered in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine types ceased in 1995 and you will discover plans to relaunch your marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in numerous major events, including the Mille Miglia as well as Coupe des Alpes. As his experience while using the little 4CV built way up, he incorporated many improvements, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing an original 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter in weight car he built quite a few special versions with light-weight aluminium bodies: he drove in these types of at Le Mans and also Sebring with some success in the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of such cars and consequent consumer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Vehicles Alpine in 1954. The firm was branded Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes positive results. He did not realise that in England the last year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe produced from the Sunbeam Talbot and called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem has been to cause problems for Alpine throughout its history.
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Throughout 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers for being amongst the pioneers involving auto glass fibre construction and produced a little coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals as well as called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis in the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved quite a few successes through the 1950s and was joined with a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted towards the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an extremely stiff chassis based with a central tubular backbone which has been to be the hallmark of most Alpines built.Alpine then took this Michelotti cabriolet design as well as developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for doing this: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 cc engine, which on later models was bored out to present a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was created between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to be produced also in Brazilian, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were beginning to show their age throughout Europe. Alpine was already working closely with Renault when the Renault R8 saloon had been introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made numerous minor body changes to allow using R8 mechanicals.This new car was the A110 Berlinette Trip de France, named after a successful run with all the Alpine A108 in your 1962 event. Starting with a 956 closed circuit engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis in addition to body developed with relatively minor changes over time to the stage where, by 1974, the little car seemed to be handling 1800 cc search engines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for your car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was outstanding.Alpine achieved increasing accomplishment in rallying, and by 1968 ended up allocated the whole Renault competition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines being sold and maintained in France by normal Renault motorbike shops. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins inside Coupe des Alpes and other international events. By this time other sellers cars were fitted with 1440 cc engines derived from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became several, helped since Alpine were the very first company fully to exploit your competition parts homologation rules.
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With 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish inside Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines derived from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and continued to win the Earth Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of on this occasion, production of the Alpine A110 enhanced and manufacturing deals ended up struck for A110s along with A108s with factories in several other countries including Spain, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the global petrol crisis, which had profound effects on many specialist car or truck manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine production of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of cars and trucks sold dropped to 957 in 1974 and the company was bailed out via a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had also been compounded by the need to help them to develop a replacement for the A110 and launch the automobile just when European petrol prices leapt with the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to plan the A110, and later the Alpine A310 replacing car. However, to compete with Alpine's good results, other manufacturers developed significantly special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that has been based closely on the A110's size and rear-engined principle, though incorporating a Ferrari powerplant. Alpine's own cars, still based on the actual 1962 design and employing a surprising number of generation parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built some factory racing Renault 19 Gordinis (one motivated by Jean-Luc Thérier) that will won the Press in Regardless World Rally World-class round in Michigan, USA.
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The truth is, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully behind them, Alpine had set their sights using a new target. The next aim ended up being to win at The Mans. Renault had also absorbed the Gordini tuning firm and merged both the to form Renault Activity. A number of increasingly successful sports racing cars appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win while using the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted that has a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the first company to run in and win an international rally with a turbo car as far back as 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier required a specially modified A110 to victory for the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine start off construction of open steering wheel racing cars. Initially in Formula Three just a year they were creating Formula Two cars as well. [4] Unfortunately without some sort of competitive Renault Formula A couple of engine available the F2 cars and trucks could neither be known as Renaults or Alpines although powered by Ford-Cosworth as well as BMW engines and ended up labelled Elf 2 in addition to later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine found its way to time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille for you to win the European Formulation 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine together with Jabouille driving had developed a Formula One car like a testing mule which lead straight to their entry into the Formula One world world-class in 1977. A second European Method 2 championship followed along with René Arnoux in 1977 using the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the particular F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to pay attention to the Le Mans and also Formula One programs.
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