Alpine (automobile)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam automobile model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler car model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a French manufacturer of racing along with sports cars that utilised rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe storage area proprietor, who began to achieve considerable competition success in mostly of the French cars produced soon after the Second World Conflict. The company was obtained in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine types ceased in 1995 and you'll find plans to relaunch your marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in several major events, including the Mille Miglia and also Coupe des Alpes. As his experience using the little 4CV built upward, he incorporated many improvements, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the original 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter car he built many special versions with light and portable aluminium bodies: he drove in these types of at Le Mans in addition to Sebring with some success in the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development these cars and consequent consumer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Cars Alpine in 1954. The firm was called Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes success. He did not realise that in England the prior year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe produced by the Sunbeam Talbot and also called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem ended up being to cause problems pertaining to Alpine throughout its record.
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Within 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers for being amongst the pioneers associated with auto glass fibre construction and produced a small coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals in addition to called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis with the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved many successes through the 1950s and was joined by a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted on the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an incredibly stiff chassis based on the central tubular backbone that has been to be the hallmark off Alpines built.Alpine then took this Michelotti cabriolet design in addition to developed a 2+2 closed coupe body because of it: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 cc engine, which on later versions was bored out to present a capacity of 904 cc or) 998 cc. The A108 was constructed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to get produced also in South america, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were beginning to show their age within Europe. Alpine was already functioning closely with Renault when the Renault R8 saloon was introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made several minor body changes to allow the use of R8 mechanicals.This new car was the A110 Berlinette Visit de France, named after a successful run while using Alpine A108 in this 1962 event. Starting with a 956 closed circuit engine of 51 bhp (38 kW), the same chassis along with body developed with relatively minor changes through the years to the stage exactly where, by 1974, the little car has been handling 1800 cc motors developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for your car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was fantastic.Alpine achieved increasing good results in rallying, and by 1968 ended up allocated the whole Renault levels of competition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines being sold and maintained throughout France by normal Renault dealerships. Real top level success started in 1968 with outright wins in the Coupe des Alpes along with other international events. By this time the competition cars were fitted along with 1440 cc engines produced by the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became numerous, helped since Alpine were the initial company fully to exploit competition parts homologation rules.
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Throughout 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish inside Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines derived from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and proceeded to win the Earth Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of these times, production of the Alpine A110 elevated and manufacturing deals were being struck for A110s and A108s with factories in a lot of other countries including Spain, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the overseas petrol crisis, which had profound side effects on many specialist auto manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine production of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of cars and trucks sold dropped to 957 in 1974 plus the company was bailed out by using a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had been recently compounded by the need to allow them to develop a replacement for the A110 and launch the vehicle just when European petrol prices leapt through the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to plan the A110, and later the Alpine A310 alternative car. However, to compete with Alpine's achievement, other manufacturers developed significantly special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos which has been based closely on the A110's size and rear-engined strategy, though incorporating a Ferrari motor. Alpine's own cars, still based on the particular 1962 design and having a surprising number of generation parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built several factory racing Renault seventeen Gordinis (one motivated by Jean-Luc Thérier) in which won the Press with Regardless World Rally Championship round in Michigan, USA.
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In fact, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully behind them, Alpine had set their sights on the new target. The next aim was to win at Le Mans. Renault had also bought out the Gordini tuning firm and merged both the to form Renault Activity. A number of progressively successful sports racing autos appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win with all the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted with a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the primary company to run in and win an international rally with a turbo car as far back as 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier took a specially modified A110 to victory about the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine start construction of open steering wheel racing cars. Initially in Formula Three in just a year they were constructing Formula Two cars as well. [4] Unfortunately without a competitive Renault Formula A pair of engine available the F2 vehicles could neither be called Renaults or Alpines although powered by Ford-Cosworth in addition to BMW engines and ended up labelled Elf 2 along with later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine arrived in time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to be able to win the European Method 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine having Jabouille driving had built a Formula One car to be a testing mule which lead straight away to their entry into your Formula One world championship in 1977. A second European Formulation 2 championship followed together with René Arnoux in 1977 while using customer Martini team, before Alpine sold this F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to target the Le Mans as well as Formula One programs.
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