Alpine (car or truck)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam vehicle model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler car model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a French manufacturer of racing and sports cars that utilized rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe car port proprietor, who began to attain considerable competition success in one of the few French cars produced soon after the Second World Battle. The company was ordered in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine designs ceased in 1995 and there are plans to relaunch your marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in numerous major events, including the Mille Miglia along with Coupe des Alpes. As his experience using the little 4CV built upward, he incorporated many alterations, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the initial 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter car he built a number of special versions with light and portable aluminium bodies: he drove in these kinds of at Le Mans along with Sebring with some success inside early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of those cars and consequent consumer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Autos Alpine in 1954. The firm was named Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes success. He did not realise that in England the prior year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe produced from the Sunbeam Talbot along with called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem has been to cause problems pertaining to Alpine throughout its heritage.
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In 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to become amongst the pioneers connected with auto glass fibre construction and produced a smaller coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals and called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis on the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved numerous successes through the 1950s and was joined by a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted towards Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was a really stiff chassis based on the central tubular backbone which has been to be the hallmark coming from all Alpines built.Alpine then took the particular Michelotti cabriolet design and also developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for it: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later designs was bored out to give a capacity of 904 cc or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was developed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to be produced also in Brazil, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were needs to show their age inside Europe. Alpine was already operating closely with Renault then when the Renault R8 saloon seemed to be introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made quite a few minor body changes to allow using R8 mechanicals.This new car had been the A110 Berlinette Expedition de France, named after a successful run with the Alpine A108 in this 1962 event. Starting with a 956 cc engine of 51 bhp (38 kW), the same chassis as well as body developed with relatively minor changes over time to the stage where by, by 1974, the little car ended up being handling 1800 cc engines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was superb.Alpine achieved increasing achievements in rallying, and by 1968 ended up allocated the whole Renault competition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines being sold and maintained inside France by normal Renault dealerships. Real top level success started in 1968 with outright wins from the Coupe des Alpes along with other international events. By this time your competition cars were fitted using 1440 cc engines derived from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became several, helped since Alpine were the first company fully to exploit your competitors parts homologation rules.
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In 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish in the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines produced from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and proceeded to win the Globe Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of this time, production of the Alpine A110 improved and manufacturing deals were struck for A110s in addition to A108s with factories in several other countries including Spain, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the global petrol crisis, which had profound consequences on many specialist car manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine production of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of automobiles sold dropped to 957 in 1974 and the company was bailed out using a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had recently been compounded by the need so they can develop a replacement for that A110 and launch the car just when European petrol prices leapt with the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to advertising campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 replacing car. However, to compete with Alpine's achievements, other manufacturers developed significantly special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos which has been based closely on the actual A110's size and rear-engined idea, though incorporating a Ferrari motor. Alpine's own cars, still based on this 1962 design and using a surprising number of production parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a few factory racing Renault 19 Gordinis (one powered by Jean-Luc Thérier) that won the Press about Regardless World Rally World-class round in Michigan, USA.
In reality, having achieved the move championship, and with Renault money now fully to their rear, Alpine had set their sights on the new target. The next aim ended up being to win at Le Mans. Renault had also absorbed the Gordini tuning firm and merged both the to form Renault Sport. A number of more and more successful sports racing vehicles appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win while using Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted which has a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the first company to run in and win a global rally with a turbo car dating back to 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier had taken a specially modified A110 to victory for the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine start construction of open tire racing cars. Initially in Formula Three in just a year they were making Formula Two cars likewise. [4] Unfortunately without some sort of competitive Renault Formula A pair of engine available the F2 autos could neither be often known as Renaults or Alpines even though powered by Ford-Cosworth in addition to BMW engines and were being labelled Elf 2 as well as later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine found its way to time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille for you to win the European Method 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine along with Jabouille driving had developed a Formula One car being a testing mule which lead straight away to their entry into the particular Formula One world championship in 1977. A second European Method 2 championship followed together with René Arnoux in 1977 with all the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to concentrate on the Le Mans in addition to Formula One programs.
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