Alpine (auto)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam vehicle model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler car model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a France manufacturer of racing and sports cars that used rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe garage proprietor, who began to accomplish considerable competition success in mostly of the French cars produced soon after the Second World Conflict. The company was ordered in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine designs ceased in 1995 and you can find plans to relaunch the actual marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in a number of major events, including the Mille Miglia and Coupe des Alpes. As his experience using the little 4CV built upwards, he incorporated many changes, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the first 3-speed unit. To provide a light car he built a number of special versions with lightweight aluminium bodies: he drove in these kinds of at Le Mans as well as Sebring with some success in the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of the cars and consequent purchaser demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Autos Alpine in 1954. The firm was called Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes achievements. He did not appreciate that in England the prior year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe derived from the Sunbeam Talbot as well as called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem was to cause problems regarding Alpine throughout its background.
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Within 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to get amongst the pioneers involving auto glass fibre construction and produced a smaller coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals and also called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis with the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved many successes through the 1950s and was joined by way of a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted for the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was a really stiff chassis based using a central tubular backbone which has been to be the hallmark of all Alpines built.Alpine then took the Michelotti cabriolet design in addition to developed a 2+2 closed coupe body correctly: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 cc engine, which on later versions was bored out to present a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 cc. The A108 was built between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to become produced also in Brazilian, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were starting out show their age in Europe. Alpine was already working closely with Renault so when the Renault R8 saloon ended up being introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made quite a few minor body changes to allow the usage of R8 mechanicals.This new car had been the A110 Berlinette Tour de France, named after a successful run with all the Alpine A108 in your 1962 event. Starting with a 956 closed circuit engine of 51 bhp (38 kW), the same chassis and also body developed with relatively minor changes over time to the stage exactly where, by 1974, the little car was handling 1800 cc applications developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for your car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was superb.Alpine achieved increasing accomplishment in rallying, and by 1968 have been allocated the whole Renault competitors budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to become sold and maintained throughout France by normal Renault dealerships. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins inside Coupe des Alpes along with other international events. By this time your competition cars were fitted having 1440 cc engines derived from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became a lot of, helped since Alpine were the first company fully to exploit the competition parts homologation rules.
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In 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish within the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines based on the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and proceeded to win the Planet Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of this time, production of the Alpine A110 enhanced and manufacturing deals ended up struck for A110s and A108s with factories in numerous other countries including The nation, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the international petrol crisis, which had profound outcomes on many specialist auto manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine creation of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of cars sold dropped to 957 in 1974 along with the company was bailed out by using a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had been compounded by the need to help them to develop a replacement to the A110 and launch the automobile just when European petrol prices leapt with the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to plan the A110, and later the Alpine A310 substitute car. However, to compete with Alpine's achievements, other manufacturers developed increasingly special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that has been based closely on the actual A110's size and rear-engined notion, though incorporating a Ferrari serps. Alpine's own cars, still based on the particular 1962 design and by using a surprising number of production parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a series of factory racing Renault 17 Gordinis (one powered by Jean-Luc Thérier) that will won the Press in Regardless World Rally Championship round in Michigan, USA.
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In truth, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully in it, Alpine had set their sights using a new target. The next aim has been to win at Le Mans. Renault had also absorbed the Gordini tuning firm and merged each to form Renault Sport. A number of progressively successful sports racing vehicles appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win while using Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted that has a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the 1st company to run in and win a global rally with a turbo car as far back as 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier got a specially modified A110 to victory on the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine start off construction of open steering wheel racing cars. Initially in Formula Three in just a year they were building Formula Two cars at the same time. [4] Unfortunately without a new competitive Renault Formula A pair of engine available the F2 vehicles could neither be called Renaults or Alpines though powered by Ford-Cosworth as well as BMW engines and were labelled Elf 2 and also later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine found its way to time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille for you to win the European Formula 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine having Jabouille driving had constructed a Formula One car being a testing mule which lead straight away to their entry into the actual Formula One world championship in 1977. A second European Formula 2 championship followed along with René Arnoux in 1977 with the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the particular F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to give full attention to the Le Mans and also Formula One programs.
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