Alpine (car)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam car or truck model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler car or truck model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a French manufacturer of racing and also sports cars that applied rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe garage proprietor, who began to attain considerable competition success in mostly of the French cars produced right after the Second World War. The company was acquired in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine designs ceased in 1995 and you'll find plans to relaunch the particular marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in numerous major events, including the Mille Miglia and also Coupe des Alpes. As his experience while using the little 4CV built up, he incorporated many improvements, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the main 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter car he built many special versions with light-weight aluminium bodies: he drove in most of these at Le Mans in addition to Sebring with some success in the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of these cars and consequent consumer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Cars Alpine in 1954. The firm was named Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes achievements. He did not know that in England the last year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe based on the Sunbeam Talbot along with called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem has been to cause problems pertaining to Alpine throughout its record.
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Inside 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to get amongst the pioneers associated with auto glass fibre construction and produced a small coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals along with called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis from the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved numerous successes through the 1950s and was joined by the low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted towards the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was a really stiff chassis based on a central tubular backbone which was to be the hallmark of all Alpines built.Alpine then took the Michelotti cabriolet design and developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for this: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later products was bored out to offer a capacity of 904 cc or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was built between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to be produced also in Brazilian, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were start to show their age in Europe. Alpine was already working closely with Renault so when the Renault R8 saloon was introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made several minor body changes to allow the use of R8 mechanicals.This new car had been the A110 Berlinette Tour de France, named after a successful run with the Alpine A108 in the actual 1962 event. Starting with a 956 cc engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis and also body developed with relatively minor changes over time to the stage in which, by 1974, the little car ended up being handling 1800 cc engines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for your car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was superb.Alpine achieved increasing achievement in rallying, and by 1968 had been allocated the whole Renault competition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines for being sold and maintained with France by normal Renault stores. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins in the Coupe des Alpes along with other international events. By this time your competitors cars were fitted using 1440 cc engines based on the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became quite a few, helped since Alpine were the 1st company fully to exploit your competitors parts homologation rules.
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Inside 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish within the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines produced from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and proceeded to win the Globe Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of this time, production of the Alpine A110 increased and manufacturing deals ended up struck for A110s and A108s with factories in numerous other countries including The nation, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the international petrol crisis, which had profound effects on many specialist auto manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine production of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of automobiles sold dropped to 957 in 1974 and the company was bailed out using a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had recently been compounded by the need for them to develop a replacement for your A110 and launch the vehicle just when European petrol prices leapt over the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to strategy the A110, and later the Alpine A310 substitute car. However, to compete with Alpine's achievements, other manufacturers developed progressively more special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that has been based closely on this A110's size and rear-engined principle, though incorporating a Ferrari serps. Alpine's own cars, still based on the particular 1962 design and by using a surprising number of output parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a few factory racing Renault 19 Gordinis (one powered by Jean-Luc Thérier) which won the Press upon Regardless World Rally Champion round in Michigan, USA.
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The truth is, having achieved the move championship, and with Renault money now fully to their rear, Alpine had set their sights on a new target. The next aim seemed to be to win at The Mans. Renault had also bought out the Gordini tuning firm and merged the two to form Renault Hobby. A number of progressively successful sports racing autos appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win while using Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted which has a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the 1st company to run in and win an international rally with a turbo car dating back 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier had taken a specially modified A110 to victory within the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine start construction of open controls racing cars. Initially in Formula Three in a year they were creating Formula Two cars also. [4] Unfortunately without any competitive Renault Formula 2 engine available the F2 autos could neither be generally known as Renaults or Alpines though powered by Ford-Cosworth along with BMW engines and were being labelled Elf 2 as well as later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine arrived in time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to win the European Formula 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine with Jabouille driving had created a Formula One car as a testing mule which lead straight away to their entry into the actual Formula One world tournament in 1977. A second European Formula 2 championship followed with René Arnoux in 1977 while using customer Martini team, before Alpine sold your F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to focus on the Le Mans and also Formula One programs.
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