Alpine (car or truck)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam auto model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler car model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a French manufacturer of racing in addition to sports cars that utilised rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe car port proprietor, who began to obtain considerable competition success in one of the few French cars produced just after the Second World War. The company was bought in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine versions ceased in 1995 and there are plans to relaunch the marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in numerous major events, including the Mille Miglia along with Coupe des Alpes. As his experience with the little 4CV built in place, he incorporated many adjustments, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing an original 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter car he built numerous special versions with light and portable aluminium bodies: he drove in these at Le Mans along with Sebring with some success inside early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of the cars and consequent consumer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Vehicles Alpine in 1954. The firm was known as Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes achievements. He did not appreciate that in England the last year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe derived from the Sunbeam Talbot and also called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem seemed to be to cause problems regarding Alpine throughout its history.
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In 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to become amongst the pioneers associated with auto glass fibre construction and produced a smaller coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals and called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis in the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved numerous successes through the 1950s and was joined by way of low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted on the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an extremely stiff chassis based on the central tubular backbone that has been to be the hallmark off Alpines built.Alpine then took the actual Michelotti cabriolet design along with developed a 2+2 closed coupe body because of it: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 cc engine, which on later versions was bored out to present a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was constructed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to become produced also in South america, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were starting out show their age throughout Europe. Alpine was already working closely with Renault then when the Renault R8 saloon was introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made several minor body changes to allow the usage of R8 mechanicals.This new car had been the A110 Berlinette Visit de France, named after a successful run with all the Alpine A108 in this 1962 event. Starting with a 956 closed circuit engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis along with body developed with relatively minor changes over time to the stage where by, by 1974, the little car has been handling 1800 cc machines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was excellent.Alpine achieved increasing achievements in rallying, and by 1968 was allocated the whole Renault levels of competition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to be sold and maintained in France by normal Renault dealerships. Real top level success started in 1968 with outright wins inside the Coupe des Alpes and also other international events. By this time the competition cars were fitted along with 1440 cc engines produced by the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became several, helped since Alpine were the very first company fully to exploit other sellers parts homologation rules.
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Inside 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish in the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines based on the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and went on to win the Planet Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of now, production of the Alpine A110 increased and manufacturing deals were struck for A110s and also A108s with factories in a number of other countries including The country, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the worldwide petrol crisis, which had profound effects on many specialist car manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine production of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of cars and trucks sold dropped to 957 in 1974 as well as the company was bailed out via a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had been compounded by the need for them to develop a replacement to the A110 and launch your vehicle just when European petrol prices leapt with the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to advertising campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 replacement car. However, to compete with Alpine's success, other manufacturers developed progressively special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos which was based closely on the particular A110's size and rear-engined principle, though incorporating a Ferrari engine. Alpine's own cars, still based on the particular 1962 design and by using a surprising number of generation parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a number of factory racing Renault teen Gordinis (one influenced by Jean-Luc Thérier) in which won the Press on Regardless World Rally Championship round in Michigan, USA.
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The truth is, having achieved the move championship, and with Renault money now fully in it, Alpine had set their sights on the new target. The next aim ended up being to win at The Mans. Renault had also absorbed the Gordini tuning firm and merged the 2 to form Renault Sport. A number of progressively more successful sports racing cars appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win with all the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted which has a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the primary company to run in and win a global rally with a turbo car as far back as 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier got a specially modified A110 to victory on the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine begin construction of open tire racing cars. Initially in Formula Three in a year they were building Formula Two cars too. [4] Unfortunately without a new competitive Renault Formula 2 engine available the F2 vehicles could neither be generally known as Renaults or Alpines whilst powered by Ford-Cosworth and BMW engines and have been labelled Elf 2 and also later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine arrived in time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille in order to win the European Formula 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine having Jabouille driving had created a Formula One car like a testing mule which lead on to their entry into the Formula One world title in 1977. A second European Method 2 championship followed with René Arnoux in 1977 using the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the particular F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to give full attention to the Le Mans along with Formula One programs.
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