Alpine (car or truck)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam automobile model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler car model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a French manufacturer of racing and also sports cars that applied rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe storage proprietor, who began to gain considerable competition success in mostly of the French cars produced right after the Second World Conflict. The company was acquired in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine products ceased in 1995 and there are plans to relaunch the actual marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in a lot of major events, including the Mille Miglia and Coupe des Alpes. As his experience while using the little 4CV built way up, he incorporated many alterations, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the main 3-speed unit. To provide a brighter car he built quite a few special versions with lightweight aluminium bodies: he drove in most of these at Le Mans and Sebring with some success inside early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of the cars and consequent client demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Motor vehicles Alpine in 1954. The firm was called Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes success. He did not appreciate that in England the prior year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe derived from the Sunbeam Talbot along with called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem ended up being to cause problems regarding Alpine throughout its history.
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Inside 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to get amongst the pioneers involving auto glass fibre construction and produced a small coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals as well as called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis in the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved numerous successes through the 1950s and was joined by way of low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted to the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was a very stiff chassis based on a central tubular backbone that was to be the hallmark of all Alpines built.Alpine then took the particular Michelotti cabriolet design as well as developed a 2+2 closed coupe body correctly: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 cc engine, which on later versions was bored out to provide a capacity of 904 cc or) 998 cc. The A108 was built between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to become produced also in Brazil, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were starting out show their age in Europe. Alpine was already operating closely with Renault and when the Renault R8 saloon has been introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made several minor body changes to allow the application of R8 mechanicals.This new car had been the A110 Berlinette Excursion de France, named after a successful run with the Alpine A108 in this 1962 event. Starting with a 956 cc engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis and body developed with relatively minor changes through the years to the stage where, by 1974, the little car has been handling 1800 cc applications developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for your car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was exceptional.Alpine achieved increasing achievement in rallying, and by 1968 have been allocated the whole Renault competition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines for being sold and maintained in France by normal Renault dealers. Real top level success started in 1968 with outright wins inside Coupe des Alpes and also other international events. By this time your competition cars were fitted along with 1440 cc engines derived from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became many, helped since Alpine were the very first company fully to exploit competition parts homologation rules.
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Inside 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish within the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines resulting from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and continued to win the Entire world Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of this time around, production of the Alpine A110 improved and manufacturing deals ended up struck for A110s and A108s with factories in several other countries including The country, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the global petrol crisis, which had profound outcomes on many specialist auto manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine generation of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of vehicles sold dropped to 957 in 1974 and also the company was bailed out using a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had already been compounded by the need to allow them to develop a replacement with the A110 and launch the vehicle just when European petrol prices leapt from the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 substitution car. However, to compete with Alpine's good results, other manufacturers developed more and more special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that has been based closely on this A110's size and rear-engined notion, though incorporating a Ferrari powerplant. Alpine's own cars, still based on the particular 1962 design and utilizing a surprising number of generation parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built some factory racing Renault seventeen Gordinis (one pushed by Jean-Luc Thérier) in which won the Press on Regardless World Rally Champion round in Michigan, USA.
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In reality, having achieved the move championship, and with Renault money now fully behind them, Alpine had set their sights with a new target. The next aim had been to win at The Mans. Renault had also taken over the Gordini tuning firm and merged both to form Renault Sports activity. A number of increasingly successful sports racing cars and trucks appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win while using the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted using a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the primary company to run in and win a major international rally with a turbo car dating back to 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier took a specially modified A110 to victory for the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine commence construction of open tyre racing cars. Initially in Formula Three inside a year they were making Formula Two cars likewise. [4] Unfortunately without some sort of competitive Renault Formula Two engine available the F2 automobiles could neither be generally known as Renaults or Alpines whilst powered by Ford-Cosworth and also BMW engines and were labelled Elf 2 and also later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine arrived in time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille for you to win the European Formulation 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine with Jabouille driving had built a Formula One car as being a testing mule which lead on to their entry into the particular Formula One world champion in 1977. A second European System 2 championship followed with René Arnoux in 1977 with all the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to give full attention to the Le Mans in addition to Formula One programs.
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