Alpine (auto)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam auto model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler automobile model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a The french language manufacturer of racing and sports cars that applied rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe car port proprietor, who began to gain considerable competition success in one of the few French cars produced just after the Second World Conflict. The company was obtained in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine models ceased in 1995 and you will discover plans to relaunch the marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in a number of major events, including the Mille Miglia in addition to Coupe des Alpes. As his experience with all the little 4CV built in place, he incorporated many modifications, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the main 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter car he built quite a few special versions with light in weight aluminium bodies: he drove in most of these at Le Mans and also Sebring with some success from the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of such cars and consequent purchaser demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Automobiles Alpine in 1954. The firm was referred to as Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes success. He did not realize that in England the last year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe produced by the Sunbeam Talbot in addition to called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem had been to cause problems intended for Alpine throughout its historical past.
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Throughout 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to become amongst the pioneers involving auto glass fibre construction and produced a smaller coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals as well as called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis with the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved a number of successes through the 1950s and was joined by way of a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted on the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an exceptionally stiff chassis based on the central tubular backbone which was to be the hallmark of all Alpines built.Alpine then took this Michelotti cabriolet design in addition to developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for this: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later types was bored out to offer a capacity of 904 cc or) 998 cc. The A108 was developed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to be produced also in Brazilian, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were beginning to show their age throughout Europe. Alpine was already functioning closely with Renault when the Renault R8 saloon had been introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made a number of minor body changes to allow the employment of R8 mechanicals.This new car had been the A110 Berlinette Expedition de France, named after a successful run with the Alpine A108 in the actual 1962 event. Starting with a 956 closed circuit engine of 51 bhp (38 kW), the same chassis and body developed with relatively minor changes in the past to the stage in which, by 1974, the little car ended up being handling 1800 cc engines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for that car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was excellent.Alpine achieved increasing good results in rallying, and by 1968 have been allocated the whole Renault levels of competition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to get sold and maintained throughout France by normal Renault dealers. Real top level success started in 1968 with outright wins inside the Coupe des Alpes and other international events. By this time your competition cars were fitted together with 1440 cc engines produced by the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became quite a few, helped since Alpine were the first company fully to exploit your competition parts homologation rules.
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Within 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish inside the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines produced by the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and proceeded to win the Planet Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of on this occasion, production of the Alpine A110 enhanced and manufacturing deals were being struck for A110s along with A108s with factories in a lot of other countries including Italy, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the intercontinental petrol crisis, which had profound consequences on many specialist vehicle manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine production of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of vehicles sold dropped to 957 in 1974 and also the company was bailed out by way of a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had also been compounded by the need to allow them to develop a replacement for that A110 and launch the vehicle just when European petrol prices leapt over the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to plan the A110, and later the Alpine A310 substitution car. However, to compete with Alpine's accomplishment, other manufacturers developed more and more special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that was based closely on your A110's size and rear-engined idea, though incorporating a Ferrari engine. Alpine's own cars, still based on the actual 1962 design and by using a surprising number of creation parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a few factory racing Renault 19 Gordinis (one influenced by Jean-Luc Thérier) of which won the Press upon Regardless World Rally World-class round in Michigan, USA.
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In truth, having achieved the move championship, and with Renault money now fully behind them, Alpine had set their sights over a new target. The next aim was to win at The Mans. Renault had also absorbed the Gordini tuning firm and merged both the to form Renault Game. A number of progressively successful sports racing cars and trucks appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win with all the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted that has a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the very first company to run in and win an international rally with a turbo car dating back 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier got a specially modified A110 to victory on the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine start construction of open controls racing cars. Initially in Formula Three just a year they were making Formula Two cars too. [4] Unfortunately without any competitive Renault Formula 2 engine available the F2 autos could neither be called Renaults or Alpines though powered by Ford-Cosworth and BMW engines and have been labelled Elf 2 and later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine arrived in time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to help win the European System 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine with Jabouille driving had created a Formula One car like a testing mule which lead straight away to their entry into your Formula One world champion in 1977. A second European Formulation 2 championship followed along with René Arnoux in 1977 with all the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the actual F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to pay attention to the Le Mans in addition to Formula One programs.
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