Alpine (automobile)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam vehicle model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler auto model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a French manufacturer of racing as well as sports cars that used rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe car port proprietor, who began to accomplish considerable competition success in mostly of the French cars produced right after the Second World Battle. The company was ordered in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine products ceased in 1995 and you will discover plans to relaunch this marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in numerous major events, including the Mille Miglia along with Coupe des Alpes. As his experience using the little 4CV built upwards, he incorporated many changes, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the first 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter car he built numerous special versions with light and portable aluminium bodies: he drove in these kind of at Le Mans and also Sebring with some success inside the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of such cars and consequent purchaser demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Automobiles Alpine in 1954. The firm was called Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes success. He did not realize that in England the last year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe produced by the Sunbeam Talbot as well as called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem has been to cause problems intended for Alpine throughout its background.
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Inside 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to get amongst the pioneers regarding auto glass fibre construction and produced a compact coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals and also called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis on the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved many successes through the 1950s and was joined by the low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted towards the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an incredibly stiff chassis based with a central tubular backbone which was to be the hallmark of Alpines built.Alpine then took this Michelotti cabriolet design and also developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for it: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 cc engine, which on later designs was bored out to offer a capacity of 904 cc or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was constructed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to be produced also in Brazil, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were starting to show their age inside Europe. Alpine was already working closely with Renault and once the Renault R8 saloon seemed to be introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made several minor body changes to allow using R8 mechanicals.This new car had been the A110 Berlinette Expedition de France, named after a successful run with the Alpine A108 in this 1962 event. Starting with a 956 closed circuit engine of 51 bhp (38 kW), the same chassis and also body developed with relatively minor changes over the years to the stage wherever, by 1974, the little car had been handling 1800 cc search engines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight with the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was exceptional.Alpine achieved increasing achievement in rallying, and by 1968 ended up allocated the whole Renault competitors budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines for being sold and maintained in France by normal Renault stores. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins inside Coupe des Alpes along with other international events. By this time your competition cars were fitted having 1440 cc engines resulting from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became numerous, helped since Alpine were the very first company fully to exploit other sellers parts homologation rules.
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Inside 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish from the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines resulting from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and proceeded to win the World Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of now, production of the Alpine A110 enhanced and manufacturing deals had been struck for A110s in addition to A108s with factories in a number of other countries including The country, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the intercontinental petrol crisis, which had profound results on many specialist auto manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine creation of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of cars sold dropped to 957 in 1974 and the company was bailed out by way of a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had recently been compounded by the need to enable them to develop a replacement for your A110 and launch the auto just when European petrol prices leapt through the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to strategy the A110, and later the Alpine A310 replacing car. However, to compete with Alpine's achievement, other manufacturers developed progressively more special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that has been based closely on your A110's size and rear-engined strategy, though incorporating a Ferrari engine. Alpine's own cars, still based on the 1962 design and employing a surprising number of manufacturing parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a series of factory racing Renault 17 Gordinis (one motivated by Jean-Luc Thérier) that won the Press on Regardless World Rally World-class round in Michigan, USA.
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Actually, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully behind them, Alpine had set their sights on the new target. The next aim was to win at Le Mans. Renault had also absorbed the Gordini tuning firm and merged both to form Renault Hobby. A number of progressively successful sports racing cars appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win while using the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted which has a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the first company to run in and win an international rally with a turbo car dating back to 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier needed a specially modified A110 to victory for the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine start off construction of open tyre racing cars. Initially in Formula Three in just a year they were constructing Formula Two cars as well. [4] Unfortunately without the competitive Renault Formula 2 engine available the F2 automobiles could neither be known as Renaults or Alpines although powered by Ford-Cosworth and also BMW engines and ended up labelled Elf 2 as well as later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine found its way to time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille in order to win the European Formula 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine using Jabouille driving had created a Formula One car to be a testing mule which lead straight to their entry into the actual Formula One world tournament in 1977. A second European Formula 2 championship followed having René Arnoux in 1977 with all the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the particular F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to target the Le Mans along with Formula One programs.
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