Alpine (vehicle)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam auto model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler vehicle model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a France manufacturer of racing along with sports cars that utilized rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe storage proprietor, who began to gain considerable competition success in one of the few French cars produced soon after the Second World Struggle. The company was acquired in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine models ceased in 1995 and you will find plans to relaunch this marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in numerous major events, including the Mille Miglia as well as Coupe des Alpes. As his experience while using the little 4CV built up, he incorporated many alterations, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the main 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter car he built several special versions with lightweight aluminium bodies: he drove in these types of at Le Mans and also Sebring with some success in the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development these cars and consequent consumer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Autos Alpine in 1954. The firm was named Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes achievements. He did not realise that in England the last year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe based on the Sunbeam Talbot as well as called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem has been to cause problems pertaining to Alpine throughout its background.
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With 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers being amongst the pioneers of auto glass fibre construction and produced a small coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals as well as called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis with the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved several successes through the 1950s and was joined by a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted for the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an extremely stiff chassis based using a central tubular backbone which was to be the hallmark of most Alpines built.Alpine then took the actual Michelotti cabriolet design and developed a 2+2 closed coupe body because of it: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later versions was bored out to provide a capacity of 904 cc or) 998 cc. The A108 was created between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began for being produced also in South america, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were starting out show their age in Europe. Alpine was already doing the job closely with Renault so when the Renault R8 saloon ended up being introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made quite a few minor body changes to allow using R8 mechanicals.This new car seemed to be the A110 Berlinette Tour de France, named after a successful run while using Alpine A108 in your 1962 event. Starting with a 956 cc engine of 51 bhp (38 kW), the same chassis along with body developed with relatively minor changes in recent times to the stage where, by 1974, the little car seemed to be handling 1800 cc machines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight to the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was exceptional.Alpine achieved increasing accomplishment in rallying, and by 1968 was allocated the whole Renault rivalry budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines being sold and maintained within France by normal Renault dealerships. Real top level success started in 1968 with outright wins in the Coupe des Alpes along with international events. By this time the competition cars were fitted using 1440 cc engines produced from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became many, helped since Alpine were the first company fully to exploit your competition parts homologation rules.
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Within 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish within the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines produced by the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and proceeded to win the Entire world Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of on this occasion, production of the Alpine A110 elevated and manufacturing deals had been struck for A110s and also A108s with factories in a number of other countries including The nation, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the intercontinental petrol crisis, which had profound effects on many specialist automobile manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine output of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of cars sold dropped to 957 in 1974 as well as the company was bailed out via a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had also been compounded by the need to allow them to develop a replacement to the A110 and launch your vehicle just when European petrol prices leapt through the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 substitute car. However, to compete with Alpine's achievement, other manufacturers developed progressively special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that was based closely on the A110's size and rear-engined idea, though incorporating a Ferrari serp. Alpine's own cars, still based on this 1962 design and utilizing a surprising number of generation parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built some factory racing Renault seventeen Gordinis (one motivated by Jean-Luc Thérier) of which won the Press on Regardless World Rally Championship round in Michigan, USA.
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In fact, having achieved the move championship, and with Renault money now fully in it, Alpine had set their sights using a new target. The next aim has been to win at The Mans. Renault had also bought out the Gordini tuning firm and merged the two to form Renault Game. A number of more and more successful sports racing autos appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win while using Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted which has a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the primary company to run in and win an international rally with a turbo car as far back as 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier took a specially modified A110 to victory on the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine commence construction of open tyre racing cars. Initially in Formula Three inside a year they were building Formula Two cars also. [4] Unfortunately without any competitive Renault Formula A pair of engine available the F2 cars and trucks could neither be referred to as Renaults or Alpines though powered by Ford-Cosworth and also BMW engines and have been labelled Elf 2 and later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine found its way to time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to be able to win the European Method 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine together with Jabouille driving had created a Formula One car as being a testing mule which lead right to their entry into the actual Formula One world tournament in 1977. A second European Formula 2 championship followed using René Arnoux in 1977 while using customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the actual F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to focus on the Le Mans in addition to Formula One programs.
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