Alpine (car or truck)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam car model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler vehicle model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a People from france manufacturer of racing as well as sports cars that employed rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe storage area proprietor, who began to achieve considerable competition success in mostly of the French cars produced soon after the Second World Struggle. The company was obtained in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine types ceased in 1995 and you will discover plans to relaunch the actual marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in numerous major events, including the Mille Miglia along with Coupe des Alpes. As his experience using the little 4CV built upwards, he incorporated many modifications, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing an original 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter weight car he built numerous special versions with light in weight aluminium bodies: he drove in these at Le Mans as well as Sebring with some success from the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of the cars and consequent customer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Cars Alpine in 1954. The firm was known as Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes successes. He did not realize that in England the previous year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe based on the Sunbeam Talbot in addition to called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem was to cause problems for Alpine throughout its history.
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Throughout 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to get amongst the pioneers of auto glass fibre construction and produced a tiny coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals and also called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis of the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved a number of successes through the 1950s and was joined by way of a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted to the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was an exceptionally stiff chassis based with a central tubular backbone that was to be the hallmark of all Alpines built.Alpine then took the Michelotti cabriolet design and developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for this: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 closed circuit engine, which on later models was bored out to offer a capacity of 904 cc or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was built between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began to get produced also in South america, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were start to show their age within Europe. Alpine was already operating closely with Renault when the Renault R8 saloon seemed to be introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made a number of minor body changes to allow the employment of R8 mechanicals.This new car seemed to be the A110 Berlinette Expedition de France, named after a successful run with the Alpine A108 in the actual 1962 event. Starting with a 956 cc engine of 51 bhp (37 kW), the same chassis as well as body developed with relatively minor changes in recent times to the stage wherever, by 1974, the little car has been handling 1800 cc engines developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight to the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was exceptional.Alpine achieved increasing success in rallying, and by 1968 were being allocated the whole Renault opposition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to become sold and maintained in France by normal Renault shops. Real top level success started in 1968 with outright wins in the Coupe des Alpes as well as other international events. By this time competition cars were fitted with 1440 cc engines resulting from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became several, helped since Alpine were the very first company fully to exploit your competition parts homologation rules.
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In 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish in the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines based on the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and proceeded to win the Planet Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of these times, production of the Alpine A110 elevated and manufacturing deals were being struck for A110s along with A108s with factories in a lot of other countries including Italy, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the overseas petrol crisis, which had profound results on many specialist car manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine manufacturing of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of automobiles sold dropped to 957 in 1974 and also the company was bailed out via a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had been recently compounded by the need to enable them to develop a replacement for that A110 and launch the vehicle just when European petrol prices leapt with the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to plan the A110, and later the Alpine A310 replacing car. However, to compete with Alpine's success, other manufacturers developed more and more special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that was based closely on this A110's size and rear-engined principle, though incorporating a Ferrari serps. Alpine's own cars, still based on your 1962 design and using a surprising number of generation parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a series of factory racing Renault 19 Gordinis (one powered by Jean-Luc Thérier) that will won the Press upon Regardless World Rally Tournament round in Michigan, USA.
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In reality, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully behind them, Alpine had set their sights with a new target. The next aim had been to win at Le Mans. Renault had also bought out the Gordini tuning firm and merged the 2 to form Renault Game. A number of progressively more successful sports racing cars appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win with the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted that has a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the initial company to run in and win a worldwide rally with a turbo car dating back 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier got a specially modified A110 to victory within the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine get started construction of open tire racing cars. Initially in Formula Three within a year they were developing Formula Two cars also. [4] Unfortunately without any competitive Renault Formula Two engine available the F2 vehicles could neither be referred to as Renaults or Alpines whilst powered by Ford-Cosworth and BMW engines and had been labelled Elf 2 as well as later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine found its way to time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille to be able to win the European Formula 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine using Jabouille driving had created a Formula One car being a testing mule which lead directly to their entry into the actual Formula One world championship in 1977. A second European Formula 2 championship followed using René Arnoux in 1977 while using the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold your F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to concentrate on the Le Mans in addition to Formula One programs.
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