Alpine (car)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam automobile model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler automobile model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a The french language manufacturer of racing along with sports cars that used rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe car port proprietor, who began to obtain considerable competition success in mostly of the French cars produced just after the Second World Struggle. The company was acquired in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine types ceased in 1995 and you'll find plans to relaunch the actual marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in a lot of major events, including the Mille Miglia and Coupe des Alpes. As his experience with the little 4CV built upwards, he incorporated many changes, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the main 3-speed unit. To provide a light car he built several special versions with light-weight aluminium bodies: he drove in these kind of at Le Mans as well as Sebring with some success from the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development these cars and consequent client demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Motor vehicles Alpine in 1954. The firm was called Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes positive results. He did not know that in England the previous year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe resulting from the Sunbeam Talbot and also called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem was to cause problems for Alpine throughout its record.
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Within 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers for being amongst the pioneers involving auto glass fibre construction and produced a tiny coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals and called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis from the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved numerous successes through the 1950s and was joined by a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted on the Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was a very stiff chassis based using a central tubular backbone that has been to be the hallmark coming from all Alpines built.Alpine then took this Michelotti cabriolet design as well as developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for it: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 cc engine, which on later products was bored out to offer a capacity of 904 closed circuit or) 998 cc. The A108 was built between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began being produced also in South america, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were starting to show their age in Europe. Alpine was already doing the job closely with Renault and when the Renault R8 saloon had been introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made several minor body changes to allow the usage of R8 mechanicals.This new car seemed to be the A110 Berlinette Excursion de France, named after a successful run with all the Alpine A108 in the actual 1962 event. Starting with a 956 closed circuit engine of 51 bhp (38 kW), the same chassis along with body developed with relatively minor changes over time to the stage where by, by 1974, the little car has been handling 1800 cc applications developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight to the car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was superb.Alpine achieved increasing achievements in rallying, and by 1968 ended up allocated the whole Renault opposition budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to get sold and maintained within France by normal Renault dealers. Real top level success started in 1968 with outright wins within the Coupe des Alpes along with other international events. By this time your competition cars were fitted together with 1440 cc engines resulting from the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became several, helped since Alpine were the 1st company fully to exploit your competitors parts homologation rules.
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With 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish in the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines derived from the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and proceeded to win the Earth Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of this time, production of the Alpine A110 increased and manufacturing deals ended up struck for A110s and A108s with factories in several other countries including Spain, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the worldwide petrol crisis, which had profound results on many specialist car manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine output of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of automobiles sold dropped to 957 in 1974 and also the company was bailed out via a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had recently been compounded by the need to allow them to develop a replacement to the A110 and launch the car just when European petrol prices leapt through the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to strategy the A110, and later the Alpine A310 substitute car. However, to compete with Alpine's accomplishment, other manufacturers developed progressively special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that was based closely on the particular A110's size and rear-engined strategy, though incorporating a Ferrari engine. Alpine's own cars, still based on your 1962 design and employing a surprising number of creation parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built some factory racing Renault 19 Gordinis (one influenced by Jean-Luc Thérier) in which won the Press in Regardless World Rally Championship round in Michigan, USA.
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In fact, having achieved the rally championship, and with Renault money now fully in it, Alpine had set their sights over a new target. The next aim ended up being to win at Le Mans. Renault had also taken over the Gordini tuning firm and merged each to form Renault Game. A number of increasingly successful sports racing vehicles appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win with the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted using a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the very first company to run in and win an international rally with a turbo car dating back 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier had taken a specially modified A110 to victory about the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine commence construction of open tire racing cars. Initially in Formula Three inside a year they were constructing Formula Two cars as well. [4] Unfortunately without any competitive Renault Formula A couple of engine available the F2 cars could neither be often known as Renaults or Alpines although powered by Ford-Cosworth along with BMW engines and ended up labelled Elf 2 and later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine arrived in time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille in order to win the European Formula 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine together with Jabouille driving had created a Formula One car to be a testing mule which lead directly to their entry into the particular Formula One world champion in 1977. A second European Formula 2 championship followed having René Arnoux in 1977 with the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold your F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to focus on the Le Mans as well as Formula One programs.
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