Alpine (car)" redirects here. For the Sunbeam vehicle model, see Sunbeam Alpine. For the Chrysler car or truck model, see Simca 1307.Alpine is a People from france manufacturer of racing as well as sports cars that utilized rear-mounted Renault engines.Jean Rédélé, the founder of Alpine, was originally a Dieppe garage proprietor, who began to gain considerable competition success in one of the few French cars produced just after the Second World Struggle. The company was obtained in 1973 by Renault. Production of Alpine products ceased in 1995 and you will discover plans to relaunch the marque from 2017 onwardsUsing Renault 4CVs, Rédélé gained class wins in a number of major events, including the Mille Miglia in addition to Coupe des Alpes. As his experience with all the little 4CV built way up, he incorporated many alterations, including for example, special 5-speed gearboxes replacing the first 3-speed unit. To provide a lighter weight car he built numerous special versions with light in weight aluminium bodies: he drove in these types of at Le Mans along with Sebring with some success in the early 1950s.Encouraged by the development of such cars and consequent client demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Motor vehicles Alpine in 1954. The firm was referred to as Alpine after his Coupe des Alpes successes. He did not know that in England the previous year, Sunbeam had introduced a sports coupe produced from the Sunbeam Talbot in addition to called the Sunbeam Alpine. This naming problem seemed to be to cause problems with regard to Alpine throughout its background.
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With 1955, he worked with the Chappe brothers to become amongst the pioneers involving auto glass fibre construction and produced a tiny coupe, based on 4CV mechanicals in addition to called the Alpine A106. It used the platform chassis of the original Renault 4CV. The A106 achieved several successes through the 1950s and was joined with a low and stylish cabriolet. Styling for this car was contracted towards Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti. Under the glassfibre body was a very stiff chassis based with a central tubular backbone which was to be the hallmark off Alpines built.Alpine then took the particular Michelotti cabriolet design along with developed a 2+2 closed coupe body for this: this became the Alpine A108, now featuring the Dauphine Gordini 845 cc engine, which on later models was bored out to supply a capacity of 904 cc or) 998 closed circuit. The A108 was developed between 1958 and 1963In 1962, the A108 began being produced also in South america, by Willys-Overland. It was the Willys Interlagos (berlineta, coupé and convertible).Willys Interlagos Berlineta, the Brazilian A108By now the car's mechanicals were beginning to show their age in Europe. Alpine was already doing work closely with Renault so when the Renault R8 saloon had been introduced in 1962. Alpine redeveloped their chassis and made numerous minor body changes to allow the employment of R8 mechanicals.This new car has been the A110 Berlinette Expedition de France, named after a successful run with all the Alpine A108 in this 1962 event. Starting with a 956 closed circuit engine of 51 bhp (38 kW), the same chassis along with body developed with relatively minor changes over time to the stage where, by 1974, the little car was handling 1800 cc applications developing 180 bhp (134 kW)+. With a competition weight for that car of around 620 kg (1, 367 lb), the performance was excellent.Alpine achieved increasing good results in rallying, and by 1968 had been allocated the whole Renault competitors budget. The close collaboration allowed Alpines to be sold and maintained in France by normal Renault shops. Real top level success were only available in 1968 with outright wins inside Coupe des Alpes and other international events. By this time competition cars were fitted together with 1440 cc engines produced by the Renault R8 Gordini. Competition successes became many, helped since Alpine were the very first company fully to exploit your competitors parts homologation rules.
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With 1971, Alpine achieved a 1-2-3 finish in the Monte Carlo rally, using cars with engines based on the Renault 16. In 1973, they repeated the 1-2-3 Monte Carlo result and made to win the World Rally Championship outright, beating Porsche, Lancia and Ford. During all of this time, production of the Alpine A110 improved and manufacturing deals were being struck for A110s and A108s with factories in numerous other countries including Italy, Mexico, Brazil and Bulgaria.1973 brought the worldwide petrol crisis, which had profound side effects on many specialist auto manufacturers worldwide. From a total Alpine generation of 1421 in 1972, the numbers of autos sold dropped to 957 in 1974 and also the company was bailed out by using a takeover by Renault. Alpine's problems had already been compounded by the need so they can develop a replacement for that A110 and launch the vehicle just when European petrol prices leapt over the roof.Through the 1970s, Alpine continued to marketing campaign the A110, and later the Alpine A310 replacing car. However, to compete with Alpine's achievement, other manufacturers developed more and more special cars, notably the Lancia Stratos that has been based closely on your A110's size and rear-engined notion, though incorporating a Ferrari powerplant. Alpine's own cars, still based on this 1962 design and using a surprising number of production parts, became increasingly uncompetitive. In 1974 Alpine built a few factory racing Renault 19 Gordinis (one influenced by Jean-Luc Thérier) in which won the Press about Regardless World Rally Tournament round in Michigan, USA.
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Actually, having achieved the move championship, and with Renault money now fully behind them, Alpine had set their sights with a new target. The next aim seemed to be to win at Le Mans. Renault had also absorbed the Gordini tuning firm and merged both to form Renault Game. A number of more and more successful sports racing vehicles appeared, culminating in the 1978 Le Mans win using the Renault Alpine A442B. This was fitted using a turbo-charged engine; Alpine had been the first company to run in and win a major international rally with a turbo car as far back as 1972 when Jean-Luc Thérier required a specially modified A110 to victory on the Critérium des Cévennes.1971 also saw Alpine get started construction of open wheel racing cars. Initially in Formula Three in a year they were building Formula Two cars likewise. [4] Unfortunately without any competitive Renault Formula A couple engine available the F2 autos could neither be called Renaults or Alpines though powered by Ford-Cosworth as well as BMW engines and were labelled Elf 2 as well as later Elf 2J. A Renault 2. 0 litre engine arrived in time for Jean-Pierre Jabouille for you to win the European Solution 2 Championship in 1976. By this time Alpine together with Jabouille driving had constructed a Formula One car being a testing mule which lead directly to their entry into the particular Formula One world champion in 1977. A second European System 2 championship followed using René Arnoux in 1977 while using the customer Martini team, before Alpine sold the actual F2 operation to Willi Kauhsen to concentrate on the Le Mans and Formula One programs.
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